Yintoni iValve yokuvala (i-SDV)

Yintoni iIvalvu yokuvala

Ivalvu Yokuvala (ekwabizwa ngokuba yi-SDV okanye i-Emergency Shutdown Valve, i-ESV, i-ESD, okanyeI-ESDV) yivalvu eqhutywayo eyenzelwe ukunqanda ukuhamba kolwelo oluyingozi xa kubonwa isiganeko esiyingozi.

yakhe ikhusela abantu, izixhobo okanye okusingqongileyo. Iivalvu zokuvala ziyinxalenye yeNkqubo yeZixhobo zoKhuseleko. Inkqubo yokubonelela ngokhuseleko oluzenzekelayo xa kuchongwa isiganeko esinobungozi ibizwa ngokuba yiFunctional Safety.

Iintlobo zeValve yokuvala

Kwizinto ezimanzi, isinyithi sihleli phantsiiivalvu zebholazisetyenziswa njengeevalvu zokuvala (ii-SDV). Ukusetyenziswa kweevalvu zebhola ezihleli phantsi zentsimbi kukhokelela kwiindleko eziphantsi xa kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukulahleka kwemveliso kunye nempahla, kunye neendleko zokulungisa iivalvu ezivela ekusebenziseni iivalvu zebhola ezihleli phantsi ezithambileyo ezinexabiso eliphantsi lokuqala.

Iivalvu zokuhamba ngokuthe tye, ezifana neevalvu zebhola ezijikelezayo, zihlala ziivavu zokubuyisela amandla aphezulu. Iivalvu zokubuyisela amandla aphezulu ziivavu ezilahlekelwa ngamandla amancinci ngenxa yokuxinana okuncinci kokuhamba kwamanzi. Iindlela zokuhamba kwamanzi zithe tye. Iivalvu zokulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi, iivalvu zebhabhathane kunye neevalvu zebhola zimizekelo emihle.

Xa kuvalwa umoya ongenisa umoya, kusetyenziswa iintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo, oko kukuthi, iivalvu zebhabhathane kunye neevalvu zesango lokujika okanye ze-guillotine. Ngenxa yokuba iinjini zedizili zitshisa ipetroli zisebenzisa ucinezelo endaweni yokutshaya nge-elektroniki, ukuvala umthombo wepetroli kwinjini yedizili akuyi kuyithintela injini ukuba isebenze.

Xa kukho i-hydrocarbon yangaphandle, efana negesi ye-methane, emoyeni, inokutsalwa kwi-injini yedizili ibangele isantya esiphezulu okanye ijikeleze kakhulu, nto leyo enokubangela ukusilela okukhulu kunye nokuqhuma. Xa ziqhutywa, iivalvu ze-ESD ziyayimisa indlela yomoya kwaye zithintele oku kusilela.

Iintlobo ze-Actuation

Njengoko iivalvu zokuvala ziyinxalenye ye-SIS. Kubalulekile ukusebenzisa ivalvu usebenzisa i-actuator.

Ezi actuators zihlala ziluhlobo lwamandla olukhuselekileyo lolwelo.

Imizekelo eqhelekileyo yezi zinto yile:

Isilinda yomoya

Isilinda se-hydraulic

I-actuator ye-electro-hydraulic

Ukongeza kuhlobo lolwelo, ii-actuators ziyahluka ngendlela amandla agcinwa ngayo ukuze asebenze ivalvu xa ifuneka ngolu hlobo lulandelayo:

Isilinda esisebenza kunye– Okanye ukubuya kwentwasahlobo apho amandla agcinwa khona ngentwasahlobo ecinezelweyo

Isilinda esebenza kabini– Amandla agcinwa kusetyenziswa umthamo wolwelo oluxinzelelweyo

Uhlobo lokuqalisa olufunekayo luxhomekeke kwisicelo, izibonelelo zendawo kunye nendawo ekhoyo nangona uninzi lwee-actuators ezisetyenziselwa iivalvu zokuvala ziluhlobo lokubuyela kwentwasahlobo ngenxa yokungasebenzi kakuhle kweenkqubo zokubuyela kwentwasahlobo.

Ukulinganisa Ukusebenza

Ngokubaiivalvu zokuvalaxa isetyenziswa kwiinkqubo zezixhobo zokhuseleko, kubalulekile ukwazi ukuba ivalvu inako ukubonelela ngenqanaba elifunekayo lokusebenza kokhuseleko kwaye ivalvu iya kusebenza xa ifuneka.

Inqanaba lokusebenza elifunekayo lilawulwa yiNqanaba loBulungisa boKhuseleko (i-SIL). Ukuze kulandelwe eli nqanaba lokusebenza, kuyimfuneko ukuvavanya ivalvu. Kukho iintlobo ezimbini zeendlela zokuvavanya ezikhoyo.Uvavanyo lobungqina

– Uvavanyo oluqhutywa ngesandla oluvumela umqhubi ukuba amisele ukuba ivalvu ikwimeko “entle njengentsha” ngokuvavanya zonke iindlela zokusilela ezinokwenzeka kwaye ifuna ukuvalwa kwesityalo.Uvavanyo lokuxilonga

– Uvavanyo oluzenzekelayo olukwi-intanethi oluza kufumanisa ipesenti yeendlela ezinokwenzeka zokungaphumeleli kwevalvu yokuvala. Umzekelo woku kwivalvu yokuvala ingaba luvavanyo lwestroke engaphelelanga. Umzekelo wesixhobo sovavanyo lwestroke engaphelelanga somatshini.