Yintoni iValve yeBhola: Imiyalelo yokuSebenza kunye nokuSebenzisa

Ivalvu yeBhola, ivalvu eneendawo zokuvula nezokuvala (ibhola) ziqhutywa yi-valve stem kwaye zijikeleza umjikelo we-valve yebhola. I-valve yebhola yohlobo lwe-V evalwe ngokuqinileyo inamandla amakhulu okucheba phakathi kwe-core yayo yebhola yohlobo lwe-V kunye nesihlalo se-valve yesinyithi esidityaniswe nge-alloy eqinileyo, efanelekileyo ngokukodwa kwimidiya equlethe iifayibha, amasuntswana amancinci aqinileyo, njl. I-valve yebhola eneendlela ezininzi ayinakulawula kuphela ukudibana, ukuphambuka, kunye nolwalathiso lokuhamba kwe-medium kwipayipi, kodwa ikwavala nayiphi na itshaneli ukudibanisa ezinye iziteshi ezimbini. Olu hlobo lwevalve kufuneka lufakwe ngokuthe tye kwipayipi. Iivalve zebhola zahlulwe zaba ziivalve zebhola ezinomoya, iivalve zebhola zombane, kunye neevalve zebhola ezenziwe ngesandla ngokwendlela yokuqhuba.

Yintoni iValve yeBhola

AIivalvu zebhola zaqalwa ngeminyaka yoo-1950. Ngophuhliso olukhawulezileyo lwesayensi netekhnoloji, uphuculo oluqhubekayo lweenkqubo zemveliso kunye nezakhiwo zemveliso, iivalvu zebhola ziye zakhula ngokukhawuleza zaba luhlobo olukhulu lweevalvu kwiminyaka engama-40 kuphela. Kumazwe aseNtshona aphuhlileyo kwezoshishino, ukusetyenziswa kweevalvu zebhola kuyanda minyaka le.

Kwilizwe lam, iivalvu zebhola zisetyenziswa kakhulu ekucoceni ioyile, kwiipayipi ezikude, kwiikhemikhali, ekwenzeni amaphepha, kwiimveliso zamayeza, ekugcinweni kwamanzi, kumbane, kulawulo lukamasipala, kwintsimbi nakwamanye amashishini, kwaye zidlala indima ebalulekileyo kuqoqosho lwelizwe. Zinomjikelezo we-90-degree, umzimba weplagi uyinto engqukuva, kwaye kukho isazinge esidlulayo okanye umjelo odlula kwi-axis yawo.

Iivalvu zebhola zisetyenziselwa kakhulu ukusika, ukusasaza kunye nokutshintsha indlela yokuhamba kwesixhobo esikwipayipi. Kufuneka zijikeleze kuphela ii-degrees ezingama-90 kunye ne-torque encinci kakhulu ukuze zivale kakuhle. Iivalvu zebhola zilungele kakhulu ukusetyenziswa njengeeswitshi kunye neevalvu zokusika, iivalvu zebhola zohlobo lwe-V. Ukongeza ekunikeleni ingqalelo kwiiparameter zepayipi, iivalvu zombane kufuneka zinike ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kwiimeko zokusingqongileyo zokusetyenziswa kwazo. Ekubeni isixhobo sombane kwivalvu yombane sisixhobo se-electromechanical, imeko yaso yokusetyenziswa ichaphazeleka kakhulu yindawo esisetyenziswa kuyo.

Zithini iimpawu zeevalvu zebhola 

• Ukumelana nokunxiba: kuba isiseko sevalvu yevalvu yebhola evalwe ngokuqinileyo yi-alloy steel spray welding,Indandatho yokutywina yenziwe ngentsimbi ye-alloy, ngoko ke ivalvu yebhola evaliweyo ayizukubangela ukuguguleka okukhulu xa itshintsha. (Umlinganiselo wayo wobunzima yi-65-70):

• Ukusebenza kakuhle kokutywina: ekubeni isitywino sevalvu yebhola evalwe ngokuqinileyo sigaywa ngesandla, singasetyenziswa kuphela de isiseko sevalvu kunye neringi yokutywina zihambelane ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke ukusebenza kwayo kokutywina kuthembekile.

• I-Torque ephantsi: kuba umzantsi weringi yokutywina yevalvu yebhola evaliweyo eqinileyo usebenzisa isipringi ukubamba iringi yokutywina kunye nombindi wevalvu ndawonye, ​​iswitshi ilula kakhulu xa amandla angaphandle edlula umthwalo wangaphambili wepringi.

• Inkonzo endeubomi: Isetyenziswe kakhulu kumasebe ahlukeneyo afana nepetroleum, ishishini leekhemikhali, ukuveliswa kwamandla, ukwenza amaphepha, amandla e-athomu, ukuhamba ngeenqwelo moya, iirokethi, kunye nobomi bemihla ngemihla babantu.

Zithini iingenelo zeevalvu zebhola

Xa kuthelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zeevalvu, iivalvu zebhola zivuleka ngokukhawuleza, kakuhle nangokuthembekileyo, zisetyenziswa kakhulu, kwaye zinezibonelelo ezilandelayo:

1. I-thrust bearing iyanciphisa i-friction torque ye-valve stem, nto leyo enokwenza i-valve stem isebenze kakuhle nangokuguquguqukayo ixesha elide.
2. Umsebenzi ochasene nokungashukumi: Intwasahlobo ibekwa phakathi kwebhola, isiqu sevalvu, kunye nomzimba wevalvu ukuze iqhube umbane ongashukumiyo oveliswa ngexesha lenkqubo yokutshintsha.
3. Ekubeni izinto ezinjaloI-polytetrafluoroethylene ineempawu ezilungileyo zokuzithambisa kwaye ilahleko encinci yokungqubana nebhola, ivalvu yebhola inobomi obude benkonzo.
4. Ukumelana nolwelo oluncinci: Iivalvu zebhola yomoya zinokumelana nolwelo oluncinci kuzo zonke iindidi zeevalvu. Nokuba kwiivalvu zebhola yomoya ezinobubanzi obuphantsi, ukumelana kwazo nolwelo kuncinci kakhulu.
5. Itywina lesiqu sevalvu elithembekileyo: Ekubeni isiqu sevalvu sijikeleza kuphela kodwa singaphakami, itywina lokupakisha lesiqu sevalvu akulula ukuba lonakale, kwaye amandla okuvala ayanda ngokunyuka koxinzelelo oluphakathi.
6. Ukusebenza kakuhle kokutywinwa kwesihlalo sevalvu: Indandatho yokutywinwa eyenziwe ngezinto ezithambileyo ezifana ne-polytetrafluoroethylene kulula ukuyitywina, kwaye amandla okutywinwa kwevalvu yebhola ayanda ngokunyuka koxinzelelo oluphakathi.
7. Iivalvu zebhola ezincinci ezichasene nolwelo, ezinobubanzi obupheleleyo azinawo amandla okumelana nokuhamba kwamanzi.
8. Isakhiwo esilula, ubungakanani obuncinci kunye nobunzima obulula.
9. Iqinile kwaye ithembekile. Ineendawo ezimbini zokutywina, kwaye izixhobo zokutywina zevalvu yebhola zisebenzisa kakhulu iiplastiki ezahlukeneyo, zisebenza kakuhle ekutywineni kwaye zinokufikelela ekutywineni ngokupheleleyo. Ikwasetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo ze-vacuum.
10. Kulula ukuyisebenzisa, ukuvulwa nokuvalwa ngokukhawuleza, jikelezisa nje i-90° ukusuka ekuvulekeni ngokupheleleyo ukuya ekuvalekeni ngokupheleleyo, kulula ukuyilawula umgama omde.
11. Ukugcinwa lula, ivalvu yebhola inesakhiwo esilula, kwaye iringi yokutywina idla ngokushukuma, nto leyo elungele ukuqhaqhwa nokutshintshwa.
12. Xa ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo okanye ivaliwe ngokupheleleyo, umphezulu wokutywina webhola kunye nesihlalo sevalvu ziyahlukaniswa kwi-medium, kwaye i-medium ayizukubangela ukuwohloka komphezulu wokutywina ivalvu xa idlula.
13. Uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo, ububanzi buqala kwiimilimitha ezimbalwa ukuya kwiimitha ezininzi, kwaye bungasetyenziswa ukusuka kwi-vacuum ephezulu ukuya kuxinzelelo oluphezulu.
14. Ekubeni ivalvu yebhola inepropathi yokusula ngexesha lenkqubo yokuvula nokuvala, ingasetyenziswa kwimidiya eneziqwenga eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo.
15. Ukuchaneka okuphezulu kokucubungula, iindleko ezibizayo, akufanelekanga ukusetyenziswa kubushushu obuphezulu, ukuba kukho ukungcola kwipayipi, kulula ukuvalelwa bukungcola, nto leyo ebangela ukuba ivalvu ingavulwa.

Ziziphi iindidi zeevalvu zebhola

 Ulwahlulo lwemisebenzi

• Ivalvu yokudlula: iivalvu zebhola zihlala zivulwa ngamanzi angashukumiyo, ngoko ke iivalvu ze-bypass zimiselwe ukulinganisa uxinzelelo kuqala, oko kukuthi, omabini amacala azaliswe ngamanzi;
• Ivalvu yomoya: xa kugcwaliswa ngamanzi, umoya uyasuswa kwaye iflothi ivala ivalvu ngokuzenzekelayo; xa kutsalwa amanzi, kongezwa umoya kwaye iflothi iwela ngokuzenzekelayo;
• Ivalvu yokunceda uxinzelelo:xa kuvulwa naxa kuvalwa ivalvu, amanzi axinzelelekileyo phakathi kwevalvu kunye nesigqubuthelo sokutywina ayasuswa ukuze kunganxitywa isigqubuthelo sokutywina;
• Ivalvu yokukhupha amanzi: khupha amanzi amdaka kwinxalenye esezantsi yeqokobhe lebhola.

Ukwahlulwa kwe-actuator ye-ball valve

• Ivalvu yeBhola yomoya
• Ivalvu yeBhola yoMbane
• Ivalvu yeBhola yeHydraulic
• Ivalvu yebhola ye-pneumatic kunye ne-hydraulic
• Ivalvu yebhola ye-electro-hydraulic
• Ivalvu yebhola yokudlulisa iTurbine

Uhlu ngokweqokobhe levalvu yebhola/izinto zomzimba

• I-Metal Material Ball Valve: njengeIivalvu zeBhola zeNsimbi yeKhabhoni, iivalvu zentsimbi ye-alloy, iivalvu zeBhola zeNtsimbi engaGciniyo, iivalvu zesinyithi esityhidiweyo, iivalvu ze-alloy zeTitanium, iivalvu ze-monel, iivalvu ze-alloy zekopolo, iivalvu ze-alloy ze-aluminium, iivalvu ze-alloy ze-lead, njl. njl.
• Iivalvu ezineeMetal Body Lined: ezinje ngeevalvu ezinerabha, iivalvu ezine-fluorine, iivalvu ezine-lead, iivalvu ezine-plastiki, iivalvu ezine-enamel.
• Iivalvu zezinto ezingezizo ezesinyithi: njengeevalvu zeseramikhi, iivalvu zeglasi, iivalvu zeplastiki.

Iiparameter eziphambili zeValve yeBhola

• Uxinzelelo Oluqhelekileyo: PN1.0-42.0MPa, Udidi lwe-ANSI 150-2500, JIS10-20K
• Ububanzi obuqhelekileyo: DN6~1200, NPS 1/4~48
• Phelisa uQhagamshelo: i-flange, i-butt welding, intambo, i-socket welding, njl.njl.
• Ubushushu obusebenzayo: -196℃~540℃;
• Umsebenzi: ngesandla, ukuhanjiswa kwezixhobo zemibungu, umoya, umbane, i-hydraulic, i-gas-liquid linkage, i-electro-hydraulic linkage;
• Izinto zoMzimba weValve: WCB, ZG1Cr18Ni9Ti, ZG1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti, CF8(304), CF3(304L), CF8M(316), CF3M (316L), Ti., Izixhobo ezahlukeneyo zingasetyenziselwa amanzi, umphunga, ioyile, i-nitric acid, i-acetic acid, i-oxidizing medium, i-urea kunye nezinye izinto ezidityanisiweyo.

Indlela yokufakela kunye namanyathelo e-Ball Valve kwiPipeline 

1. Susa izigqubuthelo zokukhusela kumacala omabini esiphelo seflange uze uhlambe kwaye ucoce ivalvu xa ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo.
2. Ngaphambi kokufakwa, umatshini wonke kufuneka uvavanywe ngokwesiginali echaziweyo (umbane okanye igesi) (ukuthintela ukungcangcazela okubangelwa kukuthuthwa ekuchaphazeleni ukusebenza), kwaye unokufakelwa kwi-intanethi kuphela emva kokuphumelela uvavanyo (ukudibanisa iingcingo ngokwedayagram yesekethe ye-actuator yombane).
3. Ngaphambi kokuba uqhagamshele kumbhobho, hlambulula uze ucoce ukungcola okuseleyo kumbhobho (ezi zinto zingonakalisa isihlalo sevalvu kunye nebhola).
4. Ngexesha lokufakela, nceda ungasebenzisi inxalenye ye-actuator yevalvu njengendawo yokuphakamisa ukuze ungonakalisi i-actuator kunye nezixhobo.
5. Olu hlobo lwevalvu kufuneka lufakwe kwicala elithe tye okanye elithe nkqo lombhobho.
6. Umbhobho okufutshane nendawo yokufakela akufuneki ugobe okanye usetyenziswe ngamandla angaphandle. Izibiyeli zemibhobho okanye izixhaso zingasetyenziselwa ukuphelisa ukuphambuka kombhobho.
7. Emva kokudibanisa nombhobho, qinisa iibholiti zoqhagamshelo lweflange nge-torque echaziweyo.

Iziganeko Ezifanelekileyo Zeevalvu Zebhola

Ekubeni iivalvu zebhola zihlala zisebenzisa irabha, i-nylon kunye ne-polytetrafluoroethylene njengezixhobo zeringi yokutywina isihlalo sevalvu, ubushushu bazo bokusebenza bunqunyelwe zizinto zeringi yokutywina isihlalo sevalvu. Isiphumo sokuvala sevalvu yebhola sifezekiswa kukuba ibhola yesinyithi icinezelwe kwisihlalo sevalvu yeplastiki phantsi kwesenzo se-medium (ivalvu yebhola edadayo). Iringi yokutywina isihlalo sevalvu idlula kwi-elastic-plastic deformation kwiindawo zasekuhlaleni phantsi koxinzelelo oluthile loqhagamshelwano. Olu tshintsho lunokubuyisela ukuchaneka kokwenziwa kunye noburhabaxa bomphezulu webhola kwaye luqinisekise ukusebenza kotywino lwevalvu yebhola.

Ekubeni isitywino sesihlalo sevalvu sevalvu yebhola sidla ngokwenziwa ngeplastiki, ukumelana nomlilo kunye nokuthintela umlilo kwevalvu yebhola kufuneka kuqwalaselwe xa kukhethwa isakhiwo kunye nokusebenza kwevalvu yebhola, ingakumbi kwicandelo lepetroliyam, leekhemikhali, lezesinyithi kunye namanye amasebe, kwaye ukusetyenziswa kweevalvu zebhola kwiinkqubo zezixhobo kunye nemibhobho enemidiya evuthayo neqhumayo kufuneka kunike ingqalelo ngakumbi ekumelaneni nomlilo kunye nokuthintela umlilo.

Ngokubanzi, iivalvu zebhola ziyacetyiswa kwiinkqubo zemibhobho ezinokulungiswa kweendawo ezimbini, ukusebenza okungqongqo kokuvala, udaka, ukuguguleka, umjelo wokunciphisa, ukuvulwa nokuvalwa ngokukhawuleza (ukuvulwa nokuvalwa kwe-1/4), ukunqunyulwa koxinzelelo oluphezulu (umahluko omkhulu woxinzelelo), ingxolo ephantsi, ukuxinana kwe-cavitation kunye negesi, ukuvuza okuncinci emoyeni, i-torque encinci yokusebenza, kunye nokumelana okuncinci kolwelo.

Iivalvu zebhola zikwafanelekile kwiinkqubo zemibhobho ezinezakhiwo ezikhanyayo, ukunqunyulwa koxinzelelo oluphantsi (umahluko omncinci woxinzelelo), kunye nemidiya erhabaxa. Iivalvu zebhola zingasetyenziswa nakwizixhobo ezinobushushu obuphantsi (ezibandayo kakhulu) kunye neenkqubo zemibhobho. Kwinkqubo yemibhobho yeoksijini yeshishini lesinyithi, iivalvu zebhola eziye zasuswa igrisi ngokungqongqo kufuneka zisetyenziswe. Xa umbhobho ophambili kumbhobho weoyile kunye nombhobho wegesi kufuneka ugqunywe phantsi komhlaba, kufuneka kusetyenziswe ivalvu yebhola edibeneyo egcweleyo. Xa kufuneka ukusebenza okulawulayo, kufuneka kukhethwe ivalvu yebhola enesakhiwo esikhethekileyo esinomgodi ofana no-V. Kwipetroliyam, i-petrochemical, ikhemikhali, amandla ombane, kunye nokwakhiwa kwedolophu, iivalvu zebhola ezivaliweyo zesinyithi ukuya kwisinyithi zinokukhethwa kwiinkqubo zemibhobho ezinobushushu obusebenzayo obungaphezulu kwama-200 degrees.

Iingenelo kunye nokungalungi kweeValve zeBhola

Iingenelo zeValve yeBhola:

1. Inokumelana okuphantsi kokuhamba kwamanzi (ngokwenene yi-0);
2. Ngenxa yokuba ayizukubambeka ngexesha lokusebenza (xa kungekho lubricant), ingasetyenziswa ngokuthembekileyo kwi-media ebolayo kunye nolwelo olubila kancinci;
3. Ingafikelela ekutywinweni okupheleleyo ngaphakathi koxinzelelo olukhulu kunye nobushushu;
4. Ingafikelela ekuvulekeni nasekuvaleni ngokukhawuleza, kwaye ixesha lokuvula nokuvala kwezinye izakhiwo yi-0.05 ~ 0.1s kuphela, ukuqinisekisa ukuba ingasetyenziswa kwinkqubo yokuzenzekela yebhentshi yovavanyo. Xa ivalvu ivulwa kwaye ivalwa ngokukhawuleza, umsebenzi awuchaphazeleki.
5. Isiqwenga sokuvala esingqukuva sinokuzifumana ngokuzenzekelayo kwindawo yomda;
6. Isixhobo sokusebenza sivalwe ngokuthembekileyo kumacala omabini;
7. Xa ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye ivaliwe ngokupheleleyo, umphezulu wokutywina webhola kunye nesihlalo sevalvu ziyahlukaniswa kwi-medium, ngoko ke i-medium edlula kwivalvu ngesantya esiphezulu ayizukubangela ukukhukuliseka komphezulu wokutywina;
8. Isakhiwo sincinci kwaye silula, kwaye sinokuthathwa njengesakhiwo sevalvu esifanelekileyo kwiinkqubo eziphakathi ezinobushushu obuphantsi;
9. Umzimba wevalvu ulingana, ingakumbi isakhiwo somzimba wevalvu edibeneyo, esinokumelana kakuhle noxinzelelo oluvela kumbhobho;
10. Isiqwenga sokuvala sinokumelana nomahluko ophezulu woxinzelelo xa sivaliwe. ⑾ Ivalvu yebhola enomzimba wevalvu edityanisiweyo ngokupheleleyo inokugqunywa ngqo phantsi komhlaba, ukuze izinto zangaphakathi zevalvu zingagqwali, kwaye ubomi benkonzo obuphezulu bufikelele kwiminyaka engama-30. Yeyona valve ifanelekileyo kwimibhobho yeoyile negesi yendalo.

Iingxaki zevalvu yebhola

1. Ekubeni indandatho yokutywina isihlalo sevalvu ephambili yevalvu yebhola yenziwe nge-poly tetra fluoro ethylene, inomlinganiselo omkhulu wokwandiswa, ayivani nokuhamba kobushushu, kwaye ayinayo i-thermal conductivity embi. Ke ngoko, xa izinto zokutywina ziqina, ukuthembeka kwesitywina kuya konakala.
2. Ukongeza, i-polytetrafluoroethylene inokumelana nobushushu obuphantsi kwaye ingasetyenziswa kuphela kubushushu obungaphantsi kwe-180°C. Ukuba ubushushu budlula obu bushushu, izinto zokutywina ziya kuguga. Xa kucingwa ngokusetyenziswa ixesha elide, ngokubanzi isetyenziswa kuphela kwi-120°C.
3. Ukusebenza kwayo kohlengahlengiso kubi kakhulu kune-valve yokumisa, ingakumbi i-valve yomoya (okanye i-valve yombane).