I-DBB Valve Ichaziwe: Kutheni Iivalvu Zebhola Ezimbini Zisetyenziselwa Ukuzahlula Okubalulekileyo

Kwiindawo zeoyile negesi, kwizityalo zeekhemikhali, kwizikhululo ze-LNG, nakwiiplatifomu zaselunxwemeni, ukwahlukanisa akusiyonto nje eqhelekileyo. Yimfuneko yokhuseleko. Ngaphambi kokuba kuqalwe ukulungiswa kwipompo, kwicompressor, kwisixhobo, okanye kwicandelo lemibhobho elisezantsi, abaqhubi kufuneka bazi ukuba uxinzelelo luhlukaniswe ngokupheleleyo kwaye alunakubuyela kwindawo yokusebenza.

Kulapho keIvalvu yeDBBiba yinto ebalulekileyo.

I-DBB imeleVimba kabini kwaye wopha igazi. Le ngcamango ilula: izithintelo ezimbini ezizimeleyo zokutywina ezinenqaku lokuphuma kwegazi phakathi kwazo. Ngokwenyani, olu lungiselelo lunika abaqhubi indlela ethembekileyo yokuqinisekisa ukwahlukaniswa ngaphambi kokuba umsebenzi wokulungisa okanye wokuhlola uqale.

Phakathi kweendlela ezahlukeneyo zeDBB,ivalvu yebhola ephindwe kabiniiye yaba sesinye sezisombululo ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kuba idibanisa uyilo oluncinci, ukutywinwa okuthembekileyo, kunye nokufakelwa okulula kwindibano enye edibeneyo.

Kwiinkqubo ezininzi zemibhobho zanamhlanje, ingakumbi ukusetyenziswa kolwandle kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, iivalvu zeDBB ezidityanisiweyo ngoku zikhethwa kunokufaka iivalvu ezimbini zebhola ezahlukeneyo ezineepayipi ezongezelelweyo phakathi kwazo.

Yintoni i-DBB Valve?

A Ivalvu yeDBBibonelela:

• iindawo ezimbini ezizimeleyo zokwahlulwahlulwa
• unxibelelwano olunye lokuphuma kwegazi okanye umoya phakathi kwazo

Injongo ilula. Emva kokuba zombini izithintelo zokuzihlukanisa zivaliwe, umngxuma ophakathi kwazo unokungena ngesango eliphuma igazi. Ukuba akukho xinzelelo okanye imidiya ephumayo, abaqhubi bayazi ukuba zombini izitywini zibambe kakuhle.

Eli nyathelo lokuqinisekisa libalulekile kwiimeko zokusebenza zokwenyani. Nokuba ukuvuza okuncinci kwisihlalo esigugileyo kunokubangela iingozi ezinkulu zokhuseleko ngexesha lokulungiswa.

Kwiifakelo ezindala, ukusebenza kweDBB kwakusoloko kufezekiswa kusetyenziswa:

• iivalvu ezimbini zebhola ezahlukeneyo
• icandelo le-spool
• ivalvu eyongezelelweyo yokopha

Loo lungiselelo lusakho kwizityalo ezininzi. Nangona kunjalo, luyanda:

• ubunzima bokufaka imibhobho
• uqhagamshelo lweflange
• ubunzima bofakelo
• iindawo ezinokwenzeka zokuvuza ngaphandle

A ivalvu yebhola ephindwe kabiniidibanisa iindlela ezimbini zebhola ngaphakathi komzimba wevalvu enye kunye ne-central bleed port. Inkqubo iyonke iba ncinci ngakumbi kwaye kulula ukuyigcina.

Kwiiprojekthi zaselwandle kunye neenkqubo ze-modular skid, oko kuncipha kwenani leepayipi kunye ne-flange kunokwenza umahluko obonakalayo.

Indlela iValve yeBhola eBini esebenza ngayo

Umgaqo wokusebenza awunzima.

Ngaphakathi komzimba wevalvu kukho iibhola ezimbini ezivaliweyo ezibekwe ngokulandelelana. Phakathi kwazo kukho umngxuma oqhagamshelwe kwivalvu ephuma igazi.

Xa ibhola yokuqala ivala, ukuhamba kwamanzi kuyavalwa kwicala elingasentla. Ibhola yesibini inika esinye isithintelo esizimeleyo sokutywina esisezantsi. Ukuvula ivalvu ephuma igazi phakathi kwabo kukhulula uxinzelelo olubambekileyo kwaye kuqinisekisa ukuba zombini izitywina zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo na.

Kwimeko yezityalo zokwenyani, abaqhubi badla ngokusebenzisa i-bleed port uku:

• qinisekisa ukwahlukaniswa ngaphambi kokuba ulungiswe
• imithombo yeendaba evalelekileyo
• jonga ukuvuza kwesihlalo
• nciphisa uxinzelelo ngokukhuselekileyo emngxunyeni

Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba iivalvu zeDBB zisetyenziswe kakhulu kwiindlela ezinobungozi zokuthwala:

• iihydrocarbons
• igesi enoxinzelelo oluphezulu
• iikhemikhali ezinobungozi
• i-hydrogen
• I-LNG

Ivalvu yebhola enye eqhelekileyo inokwahlukanisa ukuhamba kwamanzi, kodwa ayiboneleli ngenqanaba elifanayo lokuqinisekisa.

Uyilo lweValve yeBhola ephindwe kabini eFloating vs Trunnion

Ayizizo zonke iivalvu zeDBB zebhola ephindwe kabini ezisebenzisa ulwakhiwo lwangaphakathi olufanayo. Uyilo oluqhelekileyo luyilo lwebhola edadayo kunye nolwe-trunnion.

Uyilo lweBhola edadayo

Ukwakhiwa kwebhola edadayo kuqhelekile kwiisayizi ezincinci kunye nokusetyenziswa koxinzelelo oluphakathi.

Kolu yilo, uxinzelelo lomgca lutyhala ibhola kwisihlalo esisezantsi ukuze kudalwe amandla okutywina. Ulwakhiwo lulula kakhulu, nto leyo enceda ekunciphiseni iindleko zokuvelisa.

Iivalvu zebhola ezimbini ezidadayo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi:

• inkqubo ngokubanzi yokuhambisa imibhobho
• iinkqubo zamanzi
• inkonzo ye-hydrocarbon enoxinzelelo oluphakathi
• usetyenziso lwezixhobo

Kwiinkqubo ezininzi zoshishino, uyilo oludadayo lusebenza kakuhle kwaye kulula ukulugcina.

Nangona kunjalo, i-torque yokusebenza iyanda njengoko ubukhulu beevalvu kunye noxinzelelo lunyuka. Kwiinkqubo ezinkulu zemibhobho, oku kuba ngumda osebenzayo.

Uyilo olufakwe kwiTrunnion

Iivalvu zebhola ezimbini ezifakwe kwi-trunnion zihlala zisetyenziswa kwezi:

• imibhobho enobukhulu obukhulu
• iinkqubo zegesi ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu
• ukufakelwa kolwandle
• iimeko ezinzima zenkonzo

Kolu yilo, ibhola ixhaswa ngoomatshini ziibheringi eziphezulu nezisezantsi ze-trunnion. Endaweni yokuba ibhola iye esitulweni, indibano yesihlalo iya ebholeni.

Oku kubonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi zokusebenza:

• i-torque yokusebenza ephantsi
• ukutywinwa okuzinzileyo ngakumbi phantsi kokuguquguquka koxinzelelo
• ukusebenza okuphuculweyo ngobukhulu obukhulu
• ulawulo olungcono ngexesha lokusebenza komjikelo ophezulu

Kwiinkqubo zeClass 600, 900, 1500, okanye ezixineneyo kakhulu, iivalvu zeDBB ezifakwe kwi-trunnion zihlala zikhethwa.

Iinjineli ezininzi zemibhobho zikhetha uyilo lwe-trunnion kwiinkqubo ezizenzekelayo kuba ubungakanani be-actuator buba lula ukulawuleka.

Kutheni Usebenzisa iValve yeBhola ephindwe kabini endaweni yeeValve ezimbini ezahlukeneyo?

Ngokwenyani, iivalvu ezimbini zebhola ezahlukeneyo ezine-bleed connection zinokubonelela ngokusebenza kwe-DBB. Kodwa iivalvu ze-DBB ezidibeneyo zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezininzi ezisebenzayo eziba zibalulekileyo kwiiprojekthi zokwenyani.

Iindlela Ezimbalwa Zokuvuza

Lonke uqhagamshelo lweflange ludala elinye inqanaba lokuvuza elingaphandle.

Ulungiselelo lwendabuko oluneevalvu ezimbini ezahlukeneyo ludla ngokufuna:

• iiflange ezongezelelweyo
• ii-gaskets ezongezelelweyo
• iindawo zokufaka i-spool
• ukubethela okungakumbi

Ivalvu yebhola ephindwe kabini edibeneyo inciphisa inani loqhagamshelo lwangaphandle. Kwiindawo ezinkulu ezinamakhulu eevalvu, oku kunciphisa kakhulu ukukhutshwa komoya okunokubaleka kunye nomsebenzi wokulungisa.

Ubunzima obuncitshisiweyo kunye neemfuno zesithuba

Kwiiplatifomu zaselwandle kunye nee-FPSO, indawo incinci kwaye ubunzima besakhiwo buchaphazela ngokuthe ngqo iindleko zeprojekthi.

Iinkampani ezininzi ze-EPC ezisebenza ngaphandle kwelizwe zisebenzisa iivalvu ze-DBB ezidityanisiweyo kuba zilula ukubekwa kwemibhobho kwaye zinciphisa ubunzima bokufakelwa kwayo iyonke.

Xa kuthelekiswa neendibano zeevalvu ezahlukeneyo, iivalvu zeDBB ezincinci zihlala zifuna:

• intsimbi exhasa kancinci
• ubude obufutshane bofakelo
• umsebenzi omncinci wokukhusela ubushushu
• ukuwelda kwemibhobho okumbalwa

Kwiinkqubo zangaphantsi kolwandle kunye nee-modular process skids, uyilo oluncinci ludla ngokuba luncedo olukhulu.

Ukuqinisekiswa Kokwahlukaniswa Okulula

Enye yezona nzuzo zinkulu zokusebenza kukukwazi ukuqinisekisa ngokukhawuleza ukuthembeka kokutywinwa.

Emva kokuvala zombini iibhola, abaqhubi bavula nje ivalvu ekhupha igazi. Ukuba akukho xinzelelo lukhutshwayo, zombini izithintelo zokutywina zisebenza ngokuchanekileyo.

Le nkqubo ikhawuleza kwaye ilula kunokuvavanya uxinzelelo lweevalvu ezimbini ezahlukeneyo nganye nganye.

Kwiimeko zokuvalwa apho amaqela okulungisa afuna ukuqinisekiswa ngokukhawuleza kokuba abekwe yedwa, oku kuba luncedo kakhulu.

Uyilo lomzimba oluneziqwenga ezintathu vs oluphezulu vs oluneziqwenga enye

Ukwakhiwa komzimba kuchaphazela ukufikelela kulondolozo kunye neendleko zokusebenza zexesha elide.

Umzimba oneziqwenga ezintathu

Iivalvu zeDBB eziziinxalenye ezintathu zisebenzisa izigqubuthelo zokuphela ezineebholiti ezidityaniswe nomzimba osembindini.

Olu yilo luvumela iingcali ukuba zisuse izinto zangaphakathi ngaphandle kokusika ivalvu kumbhobho. Kwiindawo zokucoca kunye nezityalo zeekhemikhali, oku kunokunciphisa kakhulu ixesha lokungasebenzi kokulungiswa.

Ukwakhiwa kwezihlalo ezintathu kuqhelekile apho kulindeleke ukuba kutshintshwe izihlalo rhoqo.

Uyilo oluPhambili

Iivalvu zeDBB ezingena phezulu zivumela zonke iindawo zangaphakathi ukuba zifikeleleke ukusuka phezulu komzimba wevalvu.

Olu yilo lusetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi:

• iinkqubo zangaphantsi kolwandle
• imibhobho yokudlulisela
• amaqonga aselunxwemeni
• iinkqubo zemibhobho ezidityanisiweyo

Umzimba wevalvu uhlala uqhagamshelwe kumbhobho ngexesha lokulungiswa, nto leyo enceda ekunciphiseni ixesha lokucima.

Kwimigca yenkonzo ebalulekileyo enobubanzi obukhulu, ulwakhiwo oluphezulu ludla ngokuba lolona khetho lukhethwayo.

Umzimba One-Piece

Iivalvu ze-DBB ezinenxalenye enye zincinci kwaye zilula kodwa azinakulungiswa kwi-intanethi.

Zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi:

• inkonzo yoncedo
• imigca yenkqubo encinci
• izicelo ezingabizi kakhulu

Kwinkonzo ebalulekileyo yokuzihlukanisa, uninzi lwabasebenzi basakhetha uyilo lomzimba oluhlala lulungiswa.

Iivalvu zeDBB eziHlaliswe kamnandi xa kuthelekiswa nezeMetal

Ukukhethwa kwezinto zesihlalo kuchaphazela:

• ukusebenza kokuvuza
• amandla obushushu
• ukumelana nokuguguleka
• ubomi benkonzo

Iivalvu Ezihlala Ezithambileyo

Iivalvu zebhola ezimbini ezithambileyo zihlala zisebenzisa:

• I-PTFE
• i-PTFE eqinisiweyo
• HLOLA

Ezi zinto zibonelela ngokuvala okuqinileyo kakhulu kunye ne-torque ephantsi yokusebenza.

Iivalvu zeDBB ezithambileyo zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi:

• inkonzo yegesi
• iinkqubo zeoyile
• ukucubungula iikhemikhali
• usetyenziso lwe-hydrogen

Nangona kunjalo, izinto ezithambileyo zinemida yobushushu kwaye zinokuguga ngokukhawuleza xa zisetyenziswa ngendlela erhabaxa.

Iivalvu Ezihlala Ngesinyithi

Iivalvu zeDBB ezihlala ngentsimbi zenzelwe oku kulandelayo:

• iinkqubo zobushushu obuphezulu
• imidiya erhabaxa
• iimeko zoxinzelelo olunzima
• izicelo ezikhuselekileyo emlilweni

Izihlalo kunye neendawo zebhola zihlala zigqunywe ngokuqinileyo kusetyenziswa izixhobo ezifana nezi:

• I-Stellite
• Inconel
• ikhabhayithi ye-tungsten

Xa kuthelekiswa nezihlalo ezithambileyo, izihlalo zesinyithi zibonelela ngokuqina okungcono phantsi kweemeko ezinzima zokusebenza.

Iivalvu ezininzi zeDBB ezihlala ngentsimbi nazo ziqinisekisiwe ukuba:

• I-API 607
• I-API 6FA

ukusebenza ngendlela ekhuselekileyo emlilweni.

Apho ii-DBB Valve zisetyenziswa khona rhoqo

Ivalvu yebhola ephindwe kabini ngoku isetyenziswa kakhulu kumashishini aliqela apho ukuthembeka kokuzihlukanisa kubaluleke kakhulu.

Imibhobho yeoyile negesi

Isetyenziswa kwi:

• iintloko zemithombo
• izikhululo zecompressor
• iinkqubo zokuqalisa ihagu
• iifama zeetanki
• ii-skids zenkqubo

Abaqhubi beepayipi basebenzisa iivalvu zeDBB ukuphucula ukhuseleko lokugcina izinto kunye nokunciphisa umngcipheko wokuvuza.

Amaqonga ase-Offshore kunye nee-FPSO

Iindibano ze-DBB ezincinci zinceda ekunciphiseni:

• ukuxinana kwemibhobho
• ubunzima bolwakhiwo
• ubunzima bokugcinwa

Iivalvu ze-DBB ezifakwe kwi-trunnion ekhuselekileyo emlilweni zixhaphakile kwiinkqubo zemveliso ezikude nolwandle.

Inkonzo ye-LNG kunye ne-Cryogenic

Iivalvu ze-DBB ze-cryogenic zenzelwe ubushushu obufikelela kwi--196°C.

Izixhobo ezikhethekileyo kunye nokwakhiwa kwebhonethi ende kunceda ekuthinteleni iingxaki zokutywina ezingaphantsi kobushushu.

Iinkqubo zeHydrogen

Iimolekyuli zehydrogen zincinci kakhulu kwaye kunzima ukuzigcina.

Iivalvu zeDBB ezineenkqubo zokutywina ezisemgangathweni ophezulu zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi:

• izikhululo zokuzalisa i-hydrogen
• iinkqubo zothutho lwe-hydrogen
• iiprojekthi zamandla acocekileyo

Izityalo zeKhemikhali kunye nePetrochemical

Izixhobo zeekhemikhali zihlala zifuna ukwahlulwa kabini kwezi zinto zilandelayo:

• imidiya enobuthi
• ulwelo oluqhekezayo
• imigca yenkqubo enobungozi

Uqhagamshelo lokopha lukwavumela ukukhutshelwa kwamanzi okukhuselekileyo emngxunyeni kunye nokuqinisekiswa koxinzelelo ngaphambi kokulungiswa.

Iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka zihlolwe ngaphambi kokuba zi-odolwe

Xa ukhetha ivalvu yeDBB, iinjineli zihlala zivavanya ezi parameter zilandelayo ngononophelo.

Iinjineli kufuneka ziqinisekise iinkcukacha zevalvu ephumayo. Kwezinye iindawo ezikumgangatho ophantsi, ivalvu ephumayo iba yeyona nto ibuthathaka kwinkqubo.

Iimpazamo eziqhelekileyo xa ukhetha i-DBB Valve

Iimpazamo ezininzi zeenkcukacha zivela ngokuphindaphindiweyo kwiiprojekthi zoshishino.

Ukucinga ukuba zonke iivalvu zeDBB ziyafana

Ezinye iimveliso ezithengiswa njengeevalvu zeDBB zisebenzisa ibhola enye kuphela enezihlalo ezimbini endaweni yeebhola ezimbini ezizimeleyo.

Ukuze ufumane inkonzo yokuzihlukanisa ebalulekileyo, soloko uhlola umzobo wevalvu ngononophelo.

Ukungayinaki ingcinezelo yoMngxunya wobushushu

Xa ulwelo luvaleleke phakathi kweebhola ezimbini ezivaliweyo, ukwanda kobushushu kunokuvelisa uxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu lwemingxunya.

Ukukhusela umqolo ngendlela efanelekileyo kubalulekile.

Ukukhetha Uyilo Lomzimba Olungalunganga

Kwiinkqubo zemibhobho edibeneyo, ukutshintsha ivalvu yenxalenye enye kunokuba yindleko kwaye kuthathe ixesha elide.

Ukufikeleleka kokugcinwa kwezakhiwo kufuneka kuqwalaselwe kwasekuqaleni kweprojekthi.

Ukujonga Umgangatho weValve ePhephayo

Indibano yokopha kufuneka ihambelane nomlinganiselo woxinzelelo kunye nokumelana nokugqwala komzimba wevalvu ephambili.

Le nkcukacha ngamanye amaxesha ayijongwa ngexesha lokuthengwa.

Iingcinga Zokugqibela

Kwiinkqubo zombane ezisebenzisa uxinzelelo oluphantsi, ivalvu yebhola enye eqhelekileyo inokwanela.

Kodwa kwizicelo ezibandakanya:

• imithombo yeendaba enobungozi
• uxinzelelo oluphezulu
• iinkqubo zaselwandle
• ukuhanjiswa kwegesi
• ukwahlulwa kokugcinwa okubalulekileyo

eyilwe ngokufanelekileyoIvalvu yeDBBinika isisombululo esikhuselekileyo nesinokuthenjwa ngakumbi.

Iivalvu yebhola ephindwe kabiniiseyeyona ndlela isebenzayo yokucwangcisa iDBB kuba idibanisa:

• ufakelo oluncinci
• iindlela ezinciphileyo zokuvuza
• ukuqinisekiswa kokuzihlukanisa okuthembekileyo
• ukufikelela lula kulondolozo

Njengoko iimfuno zokhuseleko ziqhubeka zisanda kumashishini eoyile negesi, i-LNG, i-hydrogen, kunye neekhemikhali, iinkqubo zeevalvu ze-DBB ezidibeneyo ziya kuba yindlela eqhelekileyo endaweni yokuphucula ngokuzithandela.

Kwiinjineli ezikhetha iivalvu zenkonzo ebalulekileyo, ukuphonononga uyilo lwangaphakathi, ulwakhiwo lwezihlalo, umlinganiselo woxinzelelo, kunye nokufikeleleka kokugcinwa kwazo kudla ngokuba kubaluleke ngakumbi kunokuthelekisa ixabiso lodwa.