Indlela iiValve zeBhola eziLungiselelwe ngayo kwiindawo eziyingozi

Intshayelelo

Iivalvu zeBholazisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zoshishino ngenxa yokuthembeka kwazo, ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokusebenza kwazo ukuvala ngokuqinileyo. Nangona kunjalo, xa zifakelweiindawo ezinobungozi—ezifana nezibonelelo zeoyile negesi, izityalo zeekhemikhali, iindawo zokucoca, kunye nemisebenzi yokwemba—uyilo lweevalvu ezisemgangathweni ludla ngokwanelisa.

Iindawo ezinobungozi zizisa iingozi eziquka iigesi ezitshayo, uthuli olutshayo, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, izinto ezitshayo, kunye nemithombo enokutsha. Ukuze isebenze ngokukhuselekileyo nangokuthembekileyo phantsi kwezi meko,Iivalvu zeBholakufuneka yenziwe ngokukodwa, iqinisekiswe, kwaye ivavanywengenkonzo yendawo enobungozi.

Eli nqaku lichazaindlela iivalvu zebhola ezilungiselelwa ngayo kwiindawo ezinobungozi, igxile ekuguqulweni koyilo, ukukhethwa kwezinto, iziqinisekiso, kunye nesikhokelo sokukhetha esisebenzayo kubasebenzisi bemizi-mveliso.

utshintsho, ukukhethwa kwezinto, iziqinisekiso, kunye nesikhokelo sokukhetha esisebenzayo kubasebenzisi bemizi-mveliso.

Yintoni ethathwa njengendawo eyingozi?

Indawo enobungozi ichazwa njengendawo aphoiigesi ezivuthayo, umphunga, ulwelo, okanye uthuli oluvuthayozingaba khona ngobuninzi obaneleyo ukudala umngcipheko womlilo okanye ukuqhuma.

Iinkqubo eziqhelekileyo zokwahlulahlula ziquka:

• Iindawo ze-IEC / ATEX

  • Indawo 0 / 20: Ubukho obuqhubekayo bemozulu eqhumayo

  • Indawo 1/21: Ukubakho okunokwenzeka ngexesha lokusebenza okuqhelekileyo

  • Indawo 2 / 22: Ubukho obungalindelekanga, obufutshane

• Iiklasi kunye noLwahlulo lwe-NEC / CEC

  • Udidi I: Iigesi kunye nomphunga

  • Udidi II: Uthuli oluvuthayo

  • Iklasi yesi-3: Iifayibha kunye nokubhabha

Iivalvu zebhola ezisetyenziswa kwezi ndawo kufuneka zihambelane neemfuno zohlelo olufanelekileyo kunye nemithetho.

Uhlengahlengiso oluPhambili loYilo lweeValve zeBhola eziyingozi

1. Uyilo oluchasene nokuNgaguquki (ukukhupha i-electrostatic)

Kwiindawo ezinobungozi, umbane ongashukumiyo ungasebenza njengomthombo wokutsha. Ukunciphisa le ngozi, iivalvu zebhola ezinobungozi ziyabandakanywaizixhobo ezichasene nokunganyakazieziqinisekisa ukuqhubeka kombane phakathi:

• Ibhola kunye nesiqu

• Isiqu nomzimba

Oku kuthintela ukuqokelelana kwetshaja engashukumiyo ngexesha lokusebenza kweevalvu, ingakumbi xa kusetyenziswa igesi ephuma kakhulu okanye eyomileyo.

2. Ulwakhiwo Olukhuselekileyo Emlilweni

Iivalvu zebhola ezikhuselekileyo emlilweni zenzelwe ukugcina ukuthembeka kokutywinanokuba emva kokuba evezwe emlilweni.

Iimpawu eziqhelekileyo ziquka:

• Utywino lwesibini oluvela kwisinyithi ukuya kwisinyithi

• Ukupakisha isiqu segrafayithi okanye esingatshiyo

• Ukuthobela imigangatho efana naleI-API 607, i-API 6FA, okanye i-ISO 10497

Uyilo olukhuselekileyo emlilweni lubaluleke kakhulu kwi-oyile negesi, iikhemikhali zepetroli, kunye nokusetyenziswa kweendawo zokuhluza.

3. Ubungqina Bokuqhushumba Nokuchatshazelwa Yingozi

Xa iivalvu zebhola zizenzekela ngokuzenzekelayo, i-actuator iba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yokhuseleko.

Iivalvu zebhola ezinobungozi zingaxhotyiswa ngezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Ii-actuators zombane ezingaqhumiyo

• Ii-actuators ze-pneumatic ezinee-solenoids eziqinisekisiweyo

• Ii-enclosures zilinganiswe kwiI-ATEX, i-IECEx, i-UL, okanye i-CSA

Ezi actuators zenzelwe ukuthintela ukutsha kwangaphakathi ukuba kungasasazeki kwindawo engaphandle.

4. Ulawulo oluphuculweyo lokutywina kunye nokukhutshwa komoya ophumayo

Ukuvuza kwezinto ezinobungozi kubeka emngciphekweni ukhuseleko kunye nokusingqongileyo. Ukusetyenziswa kweevalvu zebhola ezilungisiweyo:

• Ukupakisha isiqu esikhupha umoya kancinci (iinkqubo ezisekwe kwigrafiti okanye kwi-PTFE)

• Amalungiselelo okupakisha agcwele bukhoma

• UkuthobelaI-ISO 15848 or I-API 622

Oku kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kokutywina ixesha elide phantsi koxinzelelo, ukungcangcazela, kunye nokujikeleza kobushushu.

5. Izinto Eziqinileyo Ezisetyenziswa Kwiimeko Ezinzima

Ukukhethwa kwezinto kubalulekile kwiindawo ezinobungozi.

Iindlela eziqhelekileyo zokulungisa izinto ziquka:

• Isinyithi esingenasici, i-duplex, okanye imizimba ye-super duplex

• Iialloy ezimelana nokugqwala (i-Inconel, i-Monel, i-Hastelloy)

• Iingubo ezichasene nokugqwala zokukhusela ngaphandle

• Izihlalo kunye nezitywino ezilinganiswe ngobushushu obuninzi

Ezi zinto ziqinisa ukuqina xa zisetyenziswa ekutshiseni, ekucinezelekeni okuphezulu, okanye ekushushuni kakhulu.

Ukusetyenziswa Okuqhelekileyo KweeValve Zebhola Zendawo Enobungozi

Iivalvu zebhola ezilungiselelwe iindawo ezinobungozi zisetyenziswa kakhulu kwezi:

• Iinkqubo zeoyile negesi ezisezantsi, eziphakathi, nezisezantsi

• Izityalo zokucubungula iikhemikhali kunye ne-petrochemical

• Izixhobo zokuphatha i-LNG kunye ne-LPG

• Amaqonga aselunxwemeni

• Ukuphathwa kwemigodi kunye nobuninzi bezinto

• Ipeyinti, isinyibilikisi, kunye nemveliso yamayeza

Kwezi zicelo, ukungasebenzi kakuhle kweevalvu kunokubangela iziganeko zokhuseleko ezinzulu, nto leyo eyenza ukuba iinkcukacha ezifanelekileyo zeevalvu zibe yimfuneko.

Indlela yokukhetha iValve yeBhola echanekileyo kwiindawo eziyingozi

Xa ukhetha ivalvu yebhola yenkonzo enobungozi, cinga ngezi zinto zilandelayo:

Iimeko Zokusebenza

• Uluhlu loxinzelelo kunye nobushushu

• Uhlobo lwemidiya (igesi, ulwelo, udaka)

• Ubukho bezinto ezirhabaxa okanye ezirhabaxa

Ulwahlulo lweeNgozi

• Iimfuno zeNdawo / zeKlasi / zeCandelo

• Iziqinisekiso ezifunekayo (i-ATEX, i-IECEx, i-UL, njl.njl.)

Uqwalaselo lweValve

• Uyilo oluhambayo okanye olufakwe kwi-trunnion

• Iimfuno ezikhuselekileyo emlilweni nezichasene nokungaguquguquki

• Ukusebenza ngesandla okanye okuzenzakalelayo

Ukuthobela imithetho kunye namaxwebhu

• Izatifikethi zovavanyo

• Ukulandeleka kwezinto

• Iirekhodi zomgangatho kunye nokuhlolwa

Ukukhetha ivalvu edibana nazo zombiniiimfuno zenkqubo kunye nemigangatho yolawulokubalulekile kukhuseleko kunye nokuthobela imithetho ixesha elide.

Imigangatho efanelekileyo kunye neziqinisekiso

Iivalvu zebhola ezinobungozi zihlala zihambelana nezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Umyalelo we-ATEX (2014/34/EU)

• Inkqubo yeSatifikethi se-IECEx

• I-API 607 ​​/ I-API 6FA(Uvavanyo lomlilo)

• I-ISO 15848(Ukukhutshwa kwezinto ezikhutshwa ngababaleki)

• I-NACE MR0175 / ISO 15156(Inkonzo emuncu)

Soloko uqinisekisa ububanzi besatifikethi kunye nokufaneleka kwesicelo esithile.

Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo (Imibuzo Ebuzwa Rhoqo)

Ngaba iivalvu zebhola eziqhelekileyo zifanelekile kwiindawo ezinobungozi?

Hayi. Iivalvu zebhola eziqhelekileyo zihlala zingenazo uyilo oluchasene nokuma, ulwakhiwo olukhuselekileyo emlilweni, kunye nokusebenza okuqinisekisiweyo okufunekayo kwiindawo ezinobungozi.

Ngaba zonke iivalvu zebhola ezinobungozi zifuna ii-actuators ezikhusela ukuqhuma?

Ziivali ezizenzekelayo kuphela ezifuna ii-actuator ezikhusela ukuqhuma okanye ezinobungozi. Iivali ezenziwe ngesandla zisafuna izixhobo zokulwa nokungashukumi kunye nokukhusela umlilo.

Yintoni umahluko phakathi kwesatifikethi se-ATEX kunye ne-IECEx?

I-ATEX ngumyalelo waseYurophu, ngelixa i-IECEx iyinkqubo yesatifikethi samazwe ngamazwe. Zombini zijongana nokhuseleko lwezixhobo kwiindawo eziqhumayo, kodwa ukwamkelwa kuxhomekeke kwimigaqo yengingqi.

Kufuneka zihlolwe kangaphi iivalvu zendawo ezinobungozi?

Ubuninzi bokuhlolwa buxhomekeke kubunzima benkonzo, kodwa ukuhlolwa nokugcinwa rhoqo kuyacetyiswa kakhulu ukuqinisekisa ukuthotyelwa kwemithetho nokhuseleko oluqhubekayo.

Isiphelo

Iivalvu zebhola ezisetyenziswa kwiindawo ezinobungozi zifunauyilo olukhethekileyo, izinto eziqinisekisiweyo, kunye nokuthobela ngokungqongqo imigangatho yamazwe ngamazweNgokufaka iimpawu ezichasene nokungashukumi, ulwakhiwo olukhuselekileyo emlilweni, ukwenziwa okuchasene nokuqhuma, kunye nezinto eziqinileyo, ezi valve zinokusebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwezinye zezona ndawo zoshishino zinzima kakhulu.

Kwiinjineli, abakhi be-EPC, kunye neengcali zokuthenga, ukuqonda indlela iivalvu zebhola ezilungelelaniswe ngayo kwiindawo ezinobungozi kubalulekile ekwenzeni ukhetho lweevalvu olunolwazi, oluhambelanayo, nolungabizi kakhulu.