Ivalvu yeSango le-Actuator ye-Pneumatic: Isikhokelo esiNzulu

Yintoni iValve yeSango le-Pneumatic Actuator?

Ivalvu yesango le-pneumatic actuator luhlobo lwevalvu eqhutywa yi-pneumatic actuator, esetyenziswa kakhulu ukulawula ukuhamba kunye nokuvalwa kwemidiya kwimibhobho. Izinto zayo eziphambili ziquka umzimba wevalvu, idiski yesango, i-pneumatic actuator, kunye nezinto zokuvala. Isebenzisa umoya ocinezelweyo njengomthombo wamandla, ivumela ukuvulwa nokuvalwa ngokukhawuleza kwevalvu. Iivalvu zesango le-pneumatic zaziwa ngokusebenza kwazo ngokukhawuleza, ukuthembeka okuphezulu, kunye nokuzivumelanisa nezimo okunamandla, okwenza ukuba zisetyenziswe kakhulu kumashishini afana neoyile negesi, ukucubungula iikhemikhali, ukuvelisa umbane, isinyithi, kunye nonyango lwamanzi.

Umgaqo Wokusebenza

Umbindi wevalvu yesango lomoya ulele kwinkqubo yokusebenzisana yesilinda kunye nepiston:

•I-Air Source Drive:

Umoya ocinezelweyo (ngesiqhelo kwi-0.4–0.8 MPa) ungena kwisilinda, uqhuba intshukumo yepiston.

•Indlela yoThumelo:

I-piston iqhagamshelwe kwisiqu sevalvu ngentonga yepiston, ihambisa idiski yesango ngokuthe nkqo kwicala lokuhamba kwemidiya.

•Ukuvala iValve:

Umoya ocinezelweyo ungena kwinxalenye ephezulu yesilinda, utyhala ipiston ezantsi ukuze ucinezele idiski yesango kwisihlalo sevalvu ukuze ivalwe ngokuqinileyo.

•Ukuvula iValve:

Umoya ocinezelweyo ungena kwinxalenye esezantsi yesilinda, utyhala i-piston phezulu ukuze iphakamise idiski yesango isuke kwisihlalo sevalvu, nto leyo evumela ukuhamba kwemidiya.

•Ukusebenza ngesandla:

Ezinye iimodeli ziquka indlela esebenza ngesandla, njengevili lesandla okanye intonga yesikrufu, yokusebenza kwevalvu xa kungasebenzi kakuhle komthombo womoya.

Iimpawu zeSakhiwo seeValve zeSango lePneumatic

Iivalvu zesango lomoya zibonisa iimpawu ezahlukeneyo zolwakhiwo:

•Isixhobo sokuqhuba umoya:

Ngokwesiqhelo kusetyenziswa ii-cylinders ezisebenza kabini okanye ezisebenza kanye ezilawulwa zii-solenoid valves ukulawula ukuhamba komoya. Ii-cylinders ezisebenza kabini zifuna ukuhanjiswa komoya okuqhubekayo ukuze zigcine indawo, ngelixa ii-cylinders ezisebenza kanye zisebenzisa i-spring return kwizicelo ezibalulekileyo zokhuseleko.

•Idiski yoMzimba weValve kunye neSango:

Umzimba wevalvu udla ngokwenziwa ngezinto ezifana nentsimbi ephothiweyo okanye intsimbi engatyiwayo. Iidiski zesango zenziwe ngohlobo olufana nolwembu okanye oluhambelanayo—olufana nolwembu lunika ukutywinwa okungcono kodwa oluhambelanayo noluphezulu, ngelixa iintlobo ezihambelanayo zinokumelana nokutyiwa okuphantsi kodwa zixhomekeke ekuqineni kwezinto ukuze zitywinwe.

•Ulwakhiwo lokutywina:

Iintlobo zokutywina ziquka ukutywina okuqinileyo (ukusuka kwisinyithi ukuya kwisinyithi) kunye nokutywina okuthambileyo (kusetyenziswa irabha, i-PTFE, njl.njl.). Ukutywina okuthambileyo kufanelekile kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphantsi kunye nezoxinzelelo oluphantsi, ngelixa ukutywina okuqinileyo kufanelekile kwiindawo ezinobushushu obuphezulu, ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu, okanye ezirhabaxa.

•Iindlela zoQhagamshelo:

Uqhagamshelo oluqhelekileyo luquka olune-flange, uhlobo lwe-wafer, kunye nolune-welded. Uqhagamshelo olune-flange lulula ukufakela nokugcina izinto zicocekile, uyilo lohlobo lwe-wafer luncinci, kwaye uqhagamshelo olune-welded lusetyenziswa kwimibhobho enoxinzelelo oluphezulu.

• Uyilo lomzimba weValve:

Uhlobo lwesiqu esinyukayo:Isiqu sevalvu sinyuka sisehla kunye nesango, sibonisa ngokubonakalayo imeko yevalvu.

Uhlobo lwesiqu esingavukiyo:Isiqu sevalvu siyajikeleza ngelixa isango lihamba, lifanelekile kwiindawo ezixineneyo.

• Iifomu zokutywina:

Ukuvalwa okunzima:Ukudibana kwentsimbi nentsimbi phakathi kwesihlalo sevalvu kunye nesango, ukumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye noxinzelelo kodwa kuxhomekeke ekuchanekeni komatshini.

Utywino oluthambileyo:Isango ligcwele izinto ezifana nerabha ye-nitrile okanye i-EPDM, enika ukuvalwa okugqwesileyo kodwa ukunyamezela ubushushu obuncinci.

• Iintlobo ze-Actuator:

Isilinda enye:Isakhiwo esilula, esifanelekileyo kwiivalvu ezinobukhulu obuncinci.

Isilinda ephindwe kabini:Inika amandla okuphakamisa aphindwe kabini, inciphisa umngcipheko wokuxinana kwiimeko ezinkulu okanye ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu.

• Indlela yokulungisa i-Buffer:

Inciphisa impembelelo ngexesha lokuvulwa nokuvalwa kweevalvu, yandisa ubomi bomphezulu wokutywina.

Iingenelo eziPhambili zeeValve zeSango lePneumatic

Iivalvu zesango le-actuator ye-pneumatic zibonelela ngezibonelelo ezininzi ezibalulekileyo:

• Ulawulo Lokuzenzekelayo:

Zixhasa ukusebenza kude kunye nokuhlanganiswa ne-DCS, i-PLC, kunye nezinye iinkqubo zolawulo, okuvumela iinkqubo ezenzekelayo. Impendulo yazo ekhawulezayo izenza zilungele ukusetyenziswa rhoqo ngebhayisekile, njengakwinkqubo yokucubungula iikhemikhali.

• Ukhuseleko kunye nokuthembeka:

Ii-actuator ze-pneumatic azinakuqhuma, nto leyo ezenza zikhuseleke kwiindawo ezinokutsha neziqhumayo ezifana nemibhobho yeoyile negesi. Ukulungiswa ngesandla kuqinisekisa ukusebenza kakuhle xa imithombo yomoya ingasebenzi kakuhle.

• Ukuzivumelanisa nezimo okuqinileyo:

Ezi valve azinamhlwa, zinezixhobo zomzimba ezifana nentsimbi engagqwaliyo okanye intsimbi yekhabhoni efanelekileyo kwiindawo eziqinileyo kuquka ii-asidi, ii-alkali, kunye ne-salt sprays. Zinyamezela amaqondo obushushu aphezulu kunye noxinzelelo—iivalvu ezithambileyo zokuvala zisebenza ukusuka kwi--29°C ukuya kwi-210°C, ngelixa iivalvu eziqinileyo zokuvala zinokufikelela kwi-550°C.

• Ukulungiswa okulula:

Ngesakhiwo esilula kunye nezinto ezimbalwa, zinezinga eliphantsi lokusilela. Uyilo lokupakisha luvumela iminyaka yokusebenza ngaphandle kokutshintshwa, nto leyo enciphisa ixesha lokungasebenzi.

Ezinye izibonelelo ziquka:

• Isenzo Esikhawulezileyo:Ii-actuators zomoya ziphendula ngokukhawuleza (ngesiqhelo imizuzwana eyi-0.5–2), zilungele iimfuno zokuvala ngokukhawuleza.

• Ukuthembeka okuphezulu:Akukho mngcipheko we-spark yombane, okuqinisekisa ukhuseleko kwiindawo ezinobungozi.

• Ulondolozo Olulula:Uyilo olulula oluneendawo ezincinci lunciphisa ukungaphumeleli.

• Ukuguquguquka:Ukulungisa uxinzelelo lomoya kuvumela ulawulo lokuhamba kwamanzi, kuphucula ukuguquguquka.

Imizekelo yesicelo

Iivalvu zesango lomoya zisetyenziswa kumashishini ahlukeneyo:

• Ioyile neGesi:

Uqeshwe kwiipayipi nakwiiyunithi zokucoca ukuze kuhlulwe imidiya, nto leyo efuna uxinzelelo oluphezulu kunye nokumelana nokugqwala.

• Ishishini leeKhemikhali:

Isetyenziswa kwimibhobho ephatha izinto ezibangela ukubola ezifana nee-asidi, ii-alkali, kunye nezinyibilikisi zendalo, nto leyo ebangela ukuba kufuneke izinto ezimelana nokubola ezifana ne-Hastelloy okanye i-titanium alloys.

• Amandla kunye neSinyithi:

Isetyenziswa kwimibhobho yamanzi kunye nomphunga kwibhoyila phantsi kweemeko zobushushu obuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu, idla ngokusetyenziswa kwizinto zokuvala ezishushu kakhulu.

• Unyango lwamanzi:

Isetyenziswa ekucoceni amanzi amdaka nasekukhupheni ityuwa emanzini, apho iivalvu kufuneka zimelane nokukrazuka kunye nokuqhekeka kwemithambo.

Imigangatho yoShishino kunye nezinto eziqwalaselwayo ekukhetheni

Xa ukhetha ivalvu yesango le-pneumatic, qwalasela ezi zinto zilandelayo:

• Iimpawu eziphakathi:

Bandakanya ubushushu, uxinzelelo, ukubola, kunye nobukho bamasuntswana aqinileyo. Umzekelo, izixhobo ezirhabaxa zifuna iidiski zesango ezingagugiyo, ngelixa izixhobo ezishushu kakhulu zifuna izixhobo zokutywina ezishushu kakhulu. Izixhobo ezirhabaxa zinokufuna imizimba yentsimbi engagqwaliyo enotywino oluthambileyo, kwaye izixhobo ezishushu kakhulu, ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu zihlala zisebenzisa izixhobo eziqinileyo zotywino olufana ne-20CrMoV.

• Uxinzelelo kunye nobushushu bokusebenza:

Khetha iivalvu ngokusekelwe kwiiparameter zoyilo lwemibhobho, ezifana nokulinganiswa koxinzelelo (umz., i-PN16, i-PN25) kunye nobubanzi bobushushu (iivalvu ezisemgangathweni zihlala zigubungela -20°C ukuya kwi-200°C).

• Iimfuneko zokutywina:

Khetha iindlela zokuvala ngokweeklasi zokuvuza (umz., i-ANSI Class VI). Ukuvala okuthambileyo kunika ukuvuza okuphantsi kodwa kubekelwe ukunyamezela ubushushu obuncinci, ngelixa ukuvala okuqinileyo kusingatha ubushushu obuphezulu obunamazinga aphezulu okuvuza.

• Ukuthelekiswa kwe-Actuator:

Tshatisa imodeli ye-pneumatic actuator neemfuno ze-torque yevalvu, kwaye ufake izixhobo ezifana neevalvu ze-solenoid kunye nezihluzi zomoya.

• Ubuninzi bokusebenza:

Ukuba uhamba ngebhayisikile rhoqo, khetha ii-double cylinders ezineendlela ze-buffer ukuze unciphise ukuguguleka.

• Imida Yendawo:

Kwimibhobho engaphantsi komhlaba okanye kwiindawo ezivalekileyo, iintlobo zeziqu ezinganyukiyo ziyathandwa.

• Iimfuno zoLawulo:

Ukuze ufumane ulawulo oluchanekileyo, khetha iimodeli ezinezixhobo zokuphendula indawo, ezifana nokutshintsha umda.

Iingcebiso zokuxhasa izixhobo kunye nokugcinwa kwazo

Iivalvu zesango lomoya zifuna izixhobo ezongezelelweyo ukuze zisebenze kakuhle:

• Iyunithi Yonyango Lomthombo Womoya:

Ibandakanya izihluzi zomoya, abalawuli boxinzelelo, kunye nezithambisi-mafutha (iiyunithi ze-FRL) ukuqinisekisa ukunikezelwa komoya ococekileyo, owomileyo, nothanjiswe ngethambisi.

• Iivalvu zeSolenoid:

Lawula icala lomoya; khetha ngokusekelwe kwisantya sokujikeleza kwevalvu, ucinga ngobukhulu bebhore kunye nezinto ezisetyenziswayo.

• Iiswitshi zoMda:

Nika ingxelo malunga nendawo yevalvu yolawulo oluzenzekelayo.

Iingcebiso zokulungisa ziquka:

• Jonga uxinzelelo lomoya rhoqo ukuqinisekisa ukuba luhlala ngaphakathi koluhlu olulinganisiweyo lwe-actuator (ngesiqhelo yi-0.4–0.8 MPa).

• Buyisela izinto zesihluzo kwaye uthambise iikomityi zeoyile kwiyunithi ye-FRL minyaka le.

• Kwiivalvu zokuvala ezithambileyo, hlola izitywini rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2-3 ukuze ubone ukuba ziyaguga kwaye uzitshintshe njengoko kufuneka.