Isikhokelo sokukhetha iValve ye-Pneumatic Actuator yeNkqubo

Kwiindawo ezininzi zoshishino kulo lonke elaseMelika, ivalvu ye-pneumatic actuator isesesinye sezona zisombululo zithembekileyo zokulawula ukuhamba kwamanzi ngokuzenzekelayo. Impendulo ekhawulezayo, ulwakhiwo oluthe ngqo loomatshini, kunye nokhuseleko oluqhelekileyo kwiindawo ezinobungozi kwenza iivalvu ze-pneumatic kunye nee-actuator zibe lukhetho olusebenzayo kubayili beenkqubo, amaqela olondolozo, kunye neengcali zokuthenga.

Esi sikhokelo sibonelela ngesishwankathelo esineenkcukacha nesekelwe kubuchwepheshe malungaindlela ezisebenza ngayo iivalvu ze-actuator ze-pneumatic, yintoni eyahlula iintlobo ezahlukeneyo ze-actuator, kwaye zeziphi iindlela zokukhetha ezibaluleke kakhulu kwizicelo zokwenyani.

Ukuqonda iiValve ze-Pneumatic Actuator

Inkcazo kunye nomsebenzi

A Ivalvu ye-Actuator ye-Pneumaticidibanisa umzimba wevalvu kunye ne-actuator eqhutywa ngumoya evula, ivala, okanye ilawula ukuhamba kwamanzi. Ngokungafaniyo ne-actuators zombane, iinkqubo ze-pneumatic zisabela ngokukhawuleza, zinyamezela iimeko ezinzima zokusingqongileyo, kwaye zisebenza ngokukhuselekileyo kwiindawo ezivuthayo.

Amashishini afana nokucubungula iikhemikhali, ukutya neziselo, i-pulp nephepha, unyango lwamanzi, kunye nokuveliswa kwamandla axhomekeke kakhulu kulawulo lwe-pneumatic kuba ezi nkqubo:

• Musa ukuvelisa umthombo wokutsha
• Nika ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza kunye nobomi bomjikelo obuthembekileyo
• Kulula ukuzigcina zisemgangathweni kwaye zingabizi kakhulu ngexesha elide lenkonzo
• Xhasa ukusebenza "okukhuselekileyo" ngexesha lokuphelelwa ngamandla okanye komoya

Ezi nzuzo zichaza isizathu sokuba iivalvu zolawulo lwe-pneumatic zihlale zisemgangathweni kwi-automation yemizi-mveliso yaseMelika.

Indlela iiValve zePneumatic Actuator ezisebenza ngayo

Indibano eqhelekileyo yevalvu ye-actuator ye-pneumatic ibandakanya:

• Ivalvu (ibhola, ibhabhathane, iglobhu, isango, idiaphragm, njl.njl.)
• A isixhobo somoya
• Indawo yokubeka ekhethiweyo yokulawula ngokuchanekileyo
• Iivalvu zeSolenoid zokutshintsha kwicala
• Izixhobo zokucoca umoya kunye nolawulo
• Izitshintshi zomda okanye izinzwa zempendulo

Ulandelelwano oluSisiseko lokuSebenza

1. Inkqubo yokulawula (PLC/DCS) ithumela isignali—4–20 mA, HART, okanye i-pneumatic.
2. I-positioner iguqula loo signali ibe luxinzelelo lomoya olufanelekileyo.
3. Uxinzelelo lomoya lushukumisa i-piston okanye i-diaphragm.
4. I-actuator idlulisela olu tshintsho kwisiqu sevalvu okanye kwishafti.
5. Ivalvu iyahlengahlengiswa ngokwendawo efunekayo.

Kwinkonzo yokuguqula umoya, ukusebenza kwe-positioner kubaluleke kakhulu njenge-actuator ngokwayo. Kwizicelo zokuvula/ukucima, umda we-torque kunye nokuthembeka koomatshini kubaluleke kakhulu.

Iintlobo zee-Actuators ze-Pneumatic Valve

Ii-Actuators zeValve yePneumatic esemgangathweni

Ii-Actuators ze-Spring-Return (ezisebenza kunye)

Ispring inyanzela ivalvu ukuba ifikelele kwindawo ethile emiselweyo (ivuliwe okanye ivaliwe) ukuba uxinzelelo lomoya lulahlekile. Ezi actuators zilungele usetyenziso olubalulekileyo lokhuseleko olufana nolawulo lwesitshisi, iinkqubo zokupholisa, ukwahlukanisa amafutha, okanyeIivalvu ze-ESD.

Kutheni zisetyenziswa:

• Icala elichaziweyo elikhuselekileyo ekusileleni
• Ukusetyenziswa komoya okuphantsi
• Ilungele ingqiqo yokuvala

Ii-Actuators eziSebenza kabini

Uxinzelelo lomoya luqhuba zombini iindlela zokuvula nezokuvala, lubonelela nge-torque ehambelanayo kulo lonke umjikelo.

Eyona ilungele:

• Imisebenzi yomjikelo ophezulu
• Iivalvu ezinkulu
• Iimfuno zokusebenza ngokukhawuleza
• Umsebenzi wokulawula

Ii-Actuators ze-Rotary Pneumatic

Isetyenziswa ngeevalvu zebhola, iivalvu zebhabhathane, kunye nezinye iindlela zoyilo zekota.

Iindlela ezimbini eziphambili:

• I-rack kunye ne-pinion: incinci kwaye inoqoqosho
• I-Scotch yoke: ivelisa i-torque ephezulu yokuphumla kwaye iphatha ngcono usetyenziso olunzima

Ii-Actuators zoMbane wePneumatic

Yenzelwe iivalvu zeglobe, iivalvu zediaphragm, kunye nezinye iivalvu ze-linear-stroke.

Iindidi ziquka:

• Ii-actuators ze-diaphragm: ulawulo olunobuthathaka, uxinzelelo oluphantsi
• Ii-actuators zePiston: uhambo olude, ukutyhala okuphezulu

Ii-Actuators ezikhethekileyo ze-Pneumatic

Ezinye izicelo zifuna izixhobo ezikhethekileyo ngakumbi:

Ii-Actuators ze-High-Cycle

Yakhelwe ukusebenza ngaphezulu kwamakhulu amawaka—okanye nezigidi—zeebhayisekile. Iibheringi eziqinisiweyo kunye neendlela zokuthambisa eziphambili zinciphisa ukuguguleka.

Ii-Actuators ezineTorque ephezulu okanye enzima

Isetyenziselwa iivalvu ezinkulu okanye imidiya exineneyo. Idla ngokusekwe kwiinkqubo ze-scotch-yoke ngenxa yeempawu zazo ze-torque.

Iingcali zeNdalo eNgqongileyo

Kwiinkonzo ze-cryogenic, amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, okanye iindawo ezingcolisayo.
Uhlaziyo oluqhelekileyo luquka:

• Izindlu zentsimbi engenasici
• Iingubo ze-Epoxy okanye ze-marine-grade
• Ii-elastomers ezishushu kakhulu

Iimpawu eziphambili ekufuneka ziqwalaselwe

1. Ukuhambelana kweValve

Esinye sezizathu eziqhelekileyo zeengxaki zokuqalisa kukungangqinelani phakathi kwevalvu kunye ne-actuator.

Izinto ezibalulekileyo ekufuneka ziqinisekiswe:

• Imfuneko yokuhamba ngokujikeleza okanye ngomgca
• Ipateni yokuqhoboshela ye-ISO 5211 kunye nobukhulu besiqu
• Iprofayili epheleleyo ye-torque (ikhefu, ukubaleka, kunye ne-torque yokuhlala)
• Iimpawu zeMedia: i-viscosity, izinto eziqinileyo, ubushushu
• Udidi olufunekayo lokuvala okanye ukusebenza kokutywina

Iinjineli zihlala zijonge i-25–30% ye-torque margin, kwaye kwiinkonzo ezirhabaxa okanye eziqokelelana kakhulu, i-margin esondele kwi-40–50% iyacetyiswa.

2. Isantya sokuSebenza kunye neTorque

Iimfuno zeTorque

I-Torque kufuneka iqwalasele oku kulandelayo:

• Uxinzelelo lokwahluka
• Ukungqubana kwevalvu yokutywina
• Ubushushu benkqubo
• Ukwakheka okunokwenzeka kwiindawo zangaphakathi

Ukukhetha i-actuator encinci kunokukhokelela ekunamatheleni, ekubetheni okungaphelelanga, okanye ekugugeni kwangaphambi kwexesha.

Isantya sokuSebenza

Iindidi eziqhelekileyo:

• Ukuvalwa kwengxamiseko: < 1 umzuzwana
• Iinkqubo zokudibanisa: imizuzwana eyi-1–3
• Ukulawula iivalvu: impendulo ecothayo nelawulwayo iyakhethwa

Isantya sinokulungiswa ngokukhetha i-solenoid, ubungakanani bomgca womoya, okanye ulawulo lokuhamba kwamanzi kwisekethe ye-pneumatic.

3. Uluhlu loxinzelelo lokusebenza

Uninzi lwezixhobo eMelika zisebenzisa umoya wezityalo phakathi kwe-80–120 PSI, kodwa ukusebenza kuxhomekeke kumgangatho womoya.

Amanyathelo okulungisa ayimfuneko:

• Ukuhluza iinxalenye
• Ulawulo loxinzelelo
• Ukususwa kobumanzi (izixhobo zokomisa ezifakwe efrijini okanye ezikhupha amanzi)
• Ukukhupha amanzi rhoqo kwii-receivers kunye nee-filters

Izikhombisi-ndlela kunye neevalvu zokulawula zinovelwano kakhulu kwizinto ezingcolisayo.

Ukufakelwa kunye nokugcinwa

Iindlela ezilungileyo zokufaka

• Qinisekisa ukuba i-actuator kunye ne-valve zilungelelaniswe ngokufanelekileyo.
• Lungisa iindawo zokumisa uhambo ngononophelo ukuze ungonakalisi izihlalo zeevalvu.
• Faka ii-solenoids kunye nezixhobo ngokwemigangatho ye-NAMUR apho kufanelekileyo.
• Qinisekisa ukuba ivuliwe okanye ayivulekanga ngaphambi kokuba uyiqalise.
• Qinisa uqhagamshelo lomoya kwaye ujonge ukuba akukho kuvuza emva koxinzelelo.

Kwiivalvu ezisebenza ngomjikelo ophezulu okanye ezibaluleke kakhulu kukhuseleko, ukongeza impendulo yendawo kuyacetyiswa kakhulu.

Iingcebiso Zokulungisa Izinto Ngokwesiqhelo

Ukugcinwa kudla ngokugxila kwiindawo zokuguguleka:

• Hlola izitywini kunye nee-O-rings rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-6-12.
• Khupha izitya zokucoca uze ukhuphe amanzi rhoqo.
• Jonga iibheringi kunye nonxibelelwano ukuba azikhululekanga na.
• Yenza uvavanyo lokuxilongwa okanye uvavanyo lwe-partial-stroke kwii-smart positioners.
• Qinisekisa ukulinganiswa kwe-zero kunye ne-span minyaka le.

Ukugcinwa kwangaphambili kuba lula kakhulu xa ii-actuators zidibene nee-digital positioners ezibala umjikelo we-log kunye neendlela zokusebenza.

Iingxaki Eziqhelekileyo kunye Nokusombulula Iingxaki

Imiba eqhelekileyo kunye nokuhlolwa okusebenzayo:

• Ukuhamba kancinci - izihluzi ezivalekileyo, uxinzelelo olunganeleyo lokuhambisa, okanye imigca yomoya engakhuliyo.
• Ukuvalwa okungaphelelanga – iindawo zokumisa uhambo ezingachanekanga okanye izihlalo zevalvu ezonakeleyo.
• Ukujiya kwinkonzo yokulawula - ukulungiswa kwesimo okanye ukungazinzi kokunikezelwa komoya.
• Ukuvuza komoya – izixhobo zokufaka, izitywino zomzimba, okanye izigqubuthelo zokuphela kwe-actuator.
• Ingxolo engaqhelekanga - ukuguguleka kweebheringi okanye ukungalungi kakuhle.

Ukujongana nale micimbi kwangethuba kuthintela ixesha lokungasebenzi elingacwangciswanga kwaye kwandisa ubomi bomqhubi.

Isiphelo

Isishwankathelo seeNgcamango eziphambili

Ukukhetha ivalvu ye-actuator ye-pneumatic efanelekileyo kuxhomekeke ekuqondeni iprofayili ye-torque yevalvu, iimeko zokusingqongileyo, iimfuno ezikhuselekileyo zokungaphumeleli, kunye nomgangatho wonikezelo lomoya. Ukudibanisa iimpawu ze-actuator nevalvu kunye nemeko yenkqubo kubalulekile ukuze kuthembeke ixesha elide.

Iingcebiso zokugqibela

• Qinisekisa yonke idatha ye-torque kunye nomenzi wevalvu.
• Khetha ii-actuators ezinobomi bomjikelo obuqinisekisiweyo kunye nolwakhiwo olumelana nokugqwala.
• Ukulawula usetyenziso, soloko udibanisa i-actuator ne-positioner esemgangathweni ophezulu.
• Gcina iirekhodi ezineenkcukacha zokufakela, ukulinganisa, kunye nemisebenzi yokulungisa.

Xa ikhethwe kwaye igcinwe ngokufanelekileyo,ivalvu eqhutywa yi-pneumaticingasebenza ngokuthembeka iminyaka ngelixa igcina iindleko zokugcina ziphantsi kwaye ukusebenza kwenkqubo kuphezulu.