Ukuba wakha wajongana nokubuyela umva kwenkqubo yokumpompa, sele uyazi ukuba ingaba yinto ecaphukisayo - kwaye ibiza kangakanani -. Esinye sezisombululo ezilula nezithembekileyo yiIvalvu yokujonga ibhola. Asiyonto ikhanya kakhulu kuyilo lwakho lwepayipi, kodwa xa isebenza, awuyiboni kakuhle. Yiyo loo nto ibalulekileyo.
Kweli nqaku, ndiza kukubonisa oko ivalvu yokuhlola ibhola ekwenzayo ngokwenene, indlela ethelekiswa ngayo nezinye iivalvu onokucinga ngazo, kunye nesizathu sokuba ngamanye amaxesha ibhola yokuqengqeleka endala iseyeyona ndlela ilungileyo.
Yintoni iValvu yokujonga ibhola? (Intshayelelo)
Ivalvu Yokujonga Ibholau-e luhlobo lweIvalvu engabuyisiyoIvumela ulwelo ukuba luhambe kwicala elinye kwaye luvale ngokuzenzekelayo ukuhamba okungasemva. Into yokutywina – uqikelele – yibhola. Idla ngokwenziwa ngentsimbi engagqwaliyo, irabha, okanye ngamanye amaxesha iplastiki efana ne-PTFE.
Ngokungafaniyo nevalvu yesango okanye ivalvu yebhola (uhlobo olune-lever), ivalvu yokujonga ibhola ayifuni siphatho, akukho actuator, kwaye ayifuni kungenelela ngesandla. Isebenza ngokupheleleyo kumahluko oxinzelelo.
Indlela esebenza ngayo ivalvu yokujonga ibhola (indlela esisiseko)
Ngaphakathi emzimbeni wevalvu, kukho umngxuma apho ibhola ihlala khona ngokukhululekileyo. Xa ulwelo lungena luvela kwicala lokungena, lutyhala ibhola esihlalweni salo. Ulwelo luhamba lujikeleze ibhola luze luphume nge-outlet. Xa uxinzelelo lokungena luhla okanye ukuhamba okungasemva kuzama ukwenzeka, ibhola ityhalelwa ngasemva kwisihlalo. Oko kuvala ukuvulwa. Akukho kubuyela umva.
Kuvakala kulula kuba kunjalo. Kwaye olo lula yilo kanye isizathu sokuba ezi valve zibe nzima ukuzibulala.
Indima yebhola njengento yokutywina
Ibhola yenza umsebenzi ophindwe kabini. Yinxalenye ehambayo kunye nesitywini. Ukuba isihlalo silungisiwe kakuhle kwaye ibhola ingqukuva (okuvakala ngathi kucacile, kodwa iivalvu ezingabizi ngamanye amaxesha ziyasilela apha), umphezulu woqhagamshelwano udala ukuvalwa okuqinileyo. Kwiziselo ezingcolileyo okanye ulwelo oluneziqwenga ezincinci, ibhola egqunywe ngerabha inokutywina ngcono kuneyesinyithi kuba icinezeleka kancinci esihlalweni.
Isebenza njani iValve yokujonga ibhola?
Masifumane iinkcukacha ezithe vetshe malunga nendlela esebenza ngayo le nkqubo. Kuba ukuba ulinganisa ivalvu yenkqubo yokwenyani, kufuneka wazi ukuba kwenzeka ntoni ngaphakathi.
Iindlela zokujonga iValve yeBhola yokuHlola
Xa ipompo iqala, isantya solwelo sidala umahluko woxinzelelo. Uxinzelelo lokungena luyanyuka, uxinzelelo lokukhupha lusephantsi. Loo mahluko uphakamisa ibhola. Ibhola ayidingi kuphakanyiswa kakhulu - idla ngokuba ziimilimitha ezimbalwa kuphela. Yiyo loo nto iivalvu zokujonga ibhola zinoxinzelelo oluphantsi lokuqhekeka. Nje ukuba ukuhamba komoya kume okanye kubuye umva, uxinzelelo lomxhuzulane kunye noxinzelelo olungasemva lubuyisela ibhola esihlalweni.
Kwiindawo ezithe tye, amandla adonsela phantsi anceda ibhola ukuba iwele umva. Kwimigca ethe nkqo (ihamba iye phezulu), ibhola iyawa umva xa ipompo ima. Ezinye iindlela zoyilo zongeza isipilingi sokukhanya ukunceda ukuhlala kwiinkqubo ezinoxinzelelo oluphantsi.
Izinto eziphambili
Ivalvu yokujonga ibhola esisiseko inamalungu amathathu abalulekileyo kuphela: umzimba, ibhola, kunye nesihlalo. Yiyo leyo. Akukho zipringi, akukho zihinji, akukho diaphragm. Ezinye iinguqulelo zongeza ipringi (ukuhlolwa kwebhola efakwe entwasahlobo) ukuze kukhawuleziswe impendulo, kodwa uyilo lwe-"free-ball" oluqhelekileyo lulula njengevalvu.
Umzimba unokuba yiplastiki (i-PVC, i-CPVC), ithusi, i-stainless, okanye i-cast iron. Isihlalo sidla ngokufakelwa emzimbeni ngomatshini okanye senziwe ngezinto ezithambileyo ezahlukeneyo ezifana ne-NBR okanye i-EPDM.
Umzobo weValve yokujonga ibhola
(Ukuba ujonge umzobo wokwenyani ngoku – khawucinge.)
Khawucinge ngombhobho othe tye. Ngasekhohlo kukho indawo yokungena. Umzimba wevalvu uvuthuluka kancinci embindini ukuze wenze igumbi. Ngaphakathi kwelo gumbi, ibhola ihleli ecaleni kwesihlalo esisekhohlo xa ivaliwe. Xa amanzi engena esuka ekhohlo, ibhola iya ngasekunene, ityhile indawo evulekileyo. Ulwelo ludlula ebholeni ngembobo enkulu. Xa amanzi ema, ibhola ibuyela umva ngasekhohlo.
Loo “kuqhuma” ngumahluko ophambili kumbhobho oqhelekileyo. Ngaphandle kwawo, ibhola ibingenakukwazi ukuphuma endleleni.
Ivalvu Yokujonga Ibhola xa ithelekiswa nezinye iintlobo zevalvu
Ndihlala ndibona abantu bebhidanisa iivalvu zokujonga ibhola nezinye iivalvu. Masiyilungise loo nto.
Ivalvu Yokujonga Ibhola vs. Ivalvu Yokujonga I-Swing
Ivalvu yokujonga iswing isebenzisa idiski eneehinged evulekayo nevaliweyo. Isebenza kakuhle kumanzi acocekileyo okanye umoya, kodwa ihing ingaxinana ngenxa yenkunkuma. Iivalvu zokujonga ibhola azinazo iihing. Ukuba incinci ingena, ibhola idla ngokuyiqengqela okanye iyibambe ezantsi komngxuma ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa sisitywino.
Omnye umahluko: ukuvavanywa kokujika kufuna ukuhamba okuphezulu ukuze kuhlale kuvulekile. Xa ukuhamba kwamanzi kuphantsi, idiski inokushukuma, nto leyo ebangela ukuguguleka. Ivalvu yokujonga ibhola ivuleka ngokupheleleyo nokuba kuhamba amanzi kuphantsi kuba ibhola iqengqeleka ngokupheleleyo. Nangona kunjalo, ukuvavanywa kokujika kudla ngokuba noxinzelelo oluphantsi xa ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo. Ngoko ke ukuba uhambisa umthamo ophezulu wolwelo olucocekileyo, ukuvavanywa kokujika kungasebenza ngakumbi. Xa kuhamba amanzi angcolileyo okanye angenaxesha, ukuvavanywa kokujika kuyaphumelela.
Ivalvu Yokujonga Ibhola vs. Ivalvu Yebhola Eqhelekileyo
Oku kukudideka okuqhelekileyo. Ivalvu yebhola eqhelekileyo (leyo inesiphatho esijika ikota) ayilovalvu yokujonga. Yivalvu yokuvala. Ujika isiphatho ukuze ulungelelanise umngxuma ebholeni nebhore yombhobho. Ihlala apho uyibeke khona. Ayivali ngokuzenzekelayo xa ukugeleza kujika.
Ivalvu yokujonga ibhola ayinasiphatho. Iyazisebenzela ngokwayo. Awunakukwazi "ukuyivula" okanye "ukuyivala" ngesandla. Ngoko ke xa umntu ecela "ivalvu yebhola" kwisicelo sokuthintela ukuhamba kwamanzi, qiniseka ukuba uthetha ivalvu yokujonga ibhola. Ngaphandle koko, uya kuba nesiphithiphithi esikhulu xa ipompo iyeka.
Usetyenziso oluPhambili lweeValve zokujonga ibhola
Iivalvu zokujonga ibhola zibonakala kwiindawo apho ukuthembeka nokunyamezela ukungcola kubaluleke ngaphezu kokusebenza kakuhle.
Amandla eValve angabuyisiyo
Njengevalvu engabuyisiyo, ukujonga ibhola kuyagqwesa kwimigca yokukhupha ipompo. Cinga ngeempompo zesump, iinkqubo zokunkcenkceshela, kunye neempompo zokulinganisa iikhemikhali. Ithintela ulwelo olupompelweyo ukuba lungaphindi lubuyele etankini xa ipompo icima. Oko kuthetha ukuba ipompo akufuneki iphinde ifake iprime ngalo lonke ixesha iqala.
Ndibone ukuvavanywa kwebhola kusetyenziswa kwiimpompo ze-bilge kwiinqanawa kangangeminyaka emininzi. Amanzi anetyuwa, inkunkuma, ukusebenza okungaqhelekanga - ibhola encinci yerabha iyaqhubeka isebenza.
Usetyenziso lweValve yokujonga uxinzelelo oluphezulu
Xa uxinzelelo ludlula i-1,000 psi, iivalvu ezininzi zokujonga ziyasokola. Iivalvu zepoppet ezifakwe entwasahlobo zinokudinwa. Iivalvu zokujonga ezijikelezayo zinokutsha. Kodwa ivalvu yokujonga ibhola edadayo - ingakumbi ngebhola yesinyithi kunye nesihlalo esiqinileyo - inokumelana noxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu. Ibhola isasaza amandla okuvala ngokulinganayo ejikeleze isihlalo, ngokungafaniyo nepoppet egxininisa uxinzelelo kwiringi encinci.
Uza kufumana iivalvu zokujonga ibhola ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwiinkqubo ze-hydraulic, iiwashers ezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye nemigca yokukhupha i-compressor ejikelezayo. Ezinye zilinganiswe ukuya kuthi ga kwi-10,000 psi.
Ivalvu yokujonga ibhola edadayo – Isishwankathelo esineenkcukacha
Igama elithi “ivalvu yokuhlola ibhola edadayo” livakala lihle, kodwa lithetha ukuba ibhola ayikhokelwa sisiqu okanye yikheji. Ikhululekile ukuhamba ecaleni kwaye ijikeleze. Kutheni loo nto ibalulekile? Kuba ibhola edadayo inokujikeleza. Njengoko ulwelo ludlula, ibhola ijikeleza ngokungacwangciswanga. Oko kusasaza ukuguguleka ngokulinganayo kumphezulu wayo. Ibhola ekhokelwayo, ngokwahlukileyo, iyaguguleka kwindawo enye kwaye ekugqibeleni iyavuza.
Uyilo lweebhola ezidadayo lukwanyamezela ukungalungelelani kakuhle. Ukuba umzimba wevalvu ugobile kancinci ngenxa yobushushu okanye iiflange eziqinileyo, ibhola isafumana isihlalo. I-poppet eqinileyo ayizukukwazi.
Ingxaki enye: iibhola ezidadayo ngamanye amaxesha zinoku "xokozela" ngamanani aphantsi kakhulu okuhamba kwebhola ukuba ibhola igxuma phakathi kwesihlalo nesema. Kodwa ke, oko akwenzeki ngaphandle kokuba ulwelo luphantse lungashukumi.
Iingenelo zokusebenzisa iiValvu zokujonga ibhola
Mandiqukumbele isizathu sokuba iinjineli ezininzi kangaka ziqale zifune ivalvu yokuhlola ibhola.
Ukutywina okulula, okuthembekileyo– Ukunqongophala kweendawo ezishukumayo kuthetha ukuba zimbalwa izinto ezingasebenzi kakuhle. Akukho zipringi ziqhekekayo. Akukho zihinji zigqumayo.
Ukugcinwa okuphantsi– Xa ivalvu yokujonga ibhola iphela ekugqibeleni (emva kweminyaka), uhlala utshintsha ibhola kunye nesihlalo. Ezinye iindlela zoyilo zikuvumela ukuba wenze oko ngaphandle kokususa ivalvu kumgca.
Ifanelekile kwiincindi eziqinileyo okanye ezimdaka– Ibhola ingatyhala ecaleni izinto ezincinci eziqinileyo. Ukujonga ngokujika kungaxinga. Ukujonga ngokujika kungakrazuka.
Uyilo oluncinci– Ukuhlolwa kwebhola kudla ngokuba kufutshane kunokuhlolwa kwe-swing. Oko kubalulekile xa kusenziwa ii-tight pump skids okanye xa kusenziwa ii-marine.
Into enye ekufuneka uyiqaphele: iivalvu zokujonga ibhola zifuna ukuhamba okuncinci ukuze zihlale zivulekile. Xa ukuhamba kwamanzi kuphantsi kakhulu (amaconsi), ibhola isenokungaphakami ngokupheleleyo, kwaye uya kufumana imida ethile. Kodwa kwiintlobo ezininzi zemizi-mveliso kunye nezicelo zikamasipala, loo nto ayiyongxaki.
Isiphelo: Ukukhetha iValve yokujonga ibhola efanelekileyo kwiNkqubo yakho
Ngoko ke, ukhetha njani okulungileyo?
Okokuqala, jonga ulwelo lwakho. Amanzi acocekileyo? Phantse zonke izinto ziyasebenza. Amanzi anetyuwa okanye iikhemikhali? Ngaba iplastiki okanye i-stainless stainless? I-slurry? Sebenzisa ibhola egqunywe ngerabha kunye nesihlalo esithambileyo.
Okwesibini, jonga uxinzelelo lwakho kunye nobushushu. Iibhola zePVC eziqhelekileyo zijonga ubuninzi bazo malunga ne-140°F kunye ne-150 psi. Ezesinyithi ziphezulu kakhulu.
Okwesithathu, cinga ngolwalathiso. Umbhobho othe tye ohamba ukusuka ekhohlo ukuya ekunene? Ugqibelele. Ume nkqo ohamba ukusuka phezulu ukuya phezulu? Kulungile. Ume nkqo ohamba ukusuka ezantsi? Musa ukukwenza – ibhola iya kuwela nje esihlalweni ize ihlale ivaliwe.
Okokugqibela, cinga ngoxinzelelo oluqhekekayo. Ukuba inkqubo yakho inoxinzelelo oluphantsi kakhulu lomahluko, khangela ibhola ekhaphukhaphu (iplastiki) okanye uyilo oluncediswa sisipringi.
Ivalvu yokujonga ibhola ayisosisombululo sifanelekileyo kuyo yonke ingxaki yokuphuma kwamanzi amdaka. Kodwa kwiimpompo ezininzi, iidreyini, kunye nemigca yamanzi amdaka, ngumsebenzi onzima oza kuhlala ixesha elide kunezinye iinkqubo. Kwaye xa uyifaka, mhlawumbi uya kulibala ukuba ikhona – nto leyo kanye oyifunayo kwivalvu yokujonga.
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*Ukuba ulinganisa ivalvu yokujonga ibhola kwisicelo esithile, soloko ujonga idatha yomenzi we-flow coefficient (Cv). Ivalvu encinci kakhulu iya kuyigcina ibhola iphakanyisiwe ngalo lonke ixesha kwaye isenokungavaleki kakuhle. Ivalvu enkulu kakhulu iya kuyivumela ibhola ukuba itsibe. Yilungise, kwaye iya kusebenza iminyaka ngaphandle kobizo olunye lwenkonzo.*
Ixesha leposi: Epreli-11-2026