I-Wedge Gate Valve: Isikhokelo soBugcisa seeNjineli kunye nokuThenga

1. Yintoni iValve yeSango leWedge eliQinisekayo?

Ivalvu yesango eliqinileyo le-wedge lilungu eliphambili leivalvu yesango le-wedgeusapho. Eyona nto iphambili kukuba idiski yesango igqunywe ngokupheleleyo okanye yenziwe ngezinto ezithambileyo (ngesiqhelo ngerabha ye-EPDM) endaweni yoyilo lwesiqhelo lokutywina lwesinyithi. Olu lwakhiwo lwenzelwe ukubonelela ngokutywina okuthembekileyo kokuvaleka kwecala elijikelezayo ngelixa kuthintelwa iingxaki eziqhelekileyo zokunamathela kunye nokusebenza kwe-torque ephezulu ezifumaneka kwiivalvu zesango eziqinileyo zesiqhelo.

Ngokungafaniyo neevalvu zesango le-wedge ezihlala kwisinyithi, isango levalvu yesango le-reliable wedge lidla ngokuba ngumzimba wesinyithi othambileyo one-EPDM ngerabha egqunywe ngokupheleleyo ehlangabezana nemigangatho yokuvunyelwa kwamanzi okusela. Xa ivalwa, umaleko werabha othambileyo wenza unxibelelwano oluqinileyo nesihlalo somzimba wevalvu, endaweni yoqhagamshelwano oluqinileyo lwentsimbi kwisinyithi. Ukususela ngeminyaka yoo-1980, iivalvu zesango le-reliable wedge ziye zaba lukhetho oluphambili kwiinethiwekhi zonyango kunye nokusasazwa kwamanzi, ngakumbi ngobukhulu ukuya kwi-DN600. Namhlanje, abavelisi abaphambili bandise uluhlu ukuya kwi-DN1000 okanye nakwi-DN1200.

Ukubaluleka kokuthengwa: Iivalvu zesango le-wedge eziqinileyo zibonelela ngeenzuzo ezahlukeneyo ekunikezelweni kwamanzi, ekutsaleni nasekunyangweni kwamanzi amdaka. Umphezulu wokutywina ngerabha umelana ngempumelelo nokuguguleka kwezinto ezincinci kwindawo ephakathi, kwaye azifuni ukugoba ngokuchanekileyo kobuso bokutywina besinyithi, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa iindleko zokuvelisa nokugcina.

2. Isebenza njani iValve yeSango leWedge?

Ivalvu yesango le-wedge yivalvu ejika-jika ngeendlela ezininzi: isiqu sayo siqhuba isango ngentshukumo ejikelezayo enemisonto. Isango lihamba ngokuthe nkqo ukuya kwicala lokuhamba.

Ulandelelwano lokusebenza:

1.Ukuvala: Xa ivili lesandla okanye i-actuator ijikeleziswa ngokwewotshi, isiqu sihambisa isango siye ezantsi. Ubuso obubini bokuvala besango elimile okwe-wedge benziwe ngephezulu etyebileyo kunye nezantsi elincinci. Njengoko isango lihla lisiya kwizitulo zomzimba, iindawo ze-wedge zenza isenzo sokunyanzela phakathi kwezitulo. Esi senzo siguqula amandla okusebenza e-axial abe luxinzelelo lokutywina olujikelezayo, ngaloo ndlela senza ukuba kucinywe ngokuqinileyo. Olu luhlobo lokuvala amandla - amandla okuvala ngokuyintloko avela kwi-activation yangaphandle, hayi kuxinzelelo lomgca.

2.Ukuvula: Isiqu sijikeleza kwicala elichaseneyo, siphakamisa isango lisuke kwizihlalo kwaye sivule ngokupheleleyo indlela yokuhamba. Xa ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo, ivalvu yesango inika indlela yokuhamba ethe ngqo, engaphazanyiswanga kwaye inokumelana nolwelo oluphantsi kakhulu, kwaye ivumela ukuhamba kweepipi zepayipi.

3.Iimpawu zokusebenza: Ngenxa yokuba isiqu sifuna ukujika izihlandlo ezininzi ukuze sigqibezele ukushukuma ngokupheleleyo, iivalvu zesango ziyavuleka kwaye zivaleke kancinci. Olu phawu lukwanceda ekuthinteleni iziphumo zehammer yamanzi.

Inqaku elibalulekileyo: Iivalvu zesango le-wedge zenzelwe inkonzo evulekileyo ngokupheleleyo okanye evalwe ngokupheleleyo. Akufanele zisetyenziswe njengeevalvu ezithintela ukugoba. Isango elivuleke kancinci liya kuba phantsi kolwelo kunye nefuthe, elinokonakalisa ubuso bokuvala kwaye libangele ukungcangcazela kunye nengxolo.

3. Uhlu lweeValve zeSango leWedge

Iivalvu zesango le-Wedge zinokuhlulwa ngokweekhrayitheriya ezininzi:

3.1 NguSango lweDiski yoLwakhiwo

Phakathi kwezi, uyilo lwe-flexible wedge ludibanisa iingenelo zeediski eziqinileyo nezimbini kwaye lolona luphambili kwiivalvu zesango le-bore wedge eziphakathi ukuya kwezinkulu.

3.2 Ngu-Stem Configuration

• Isiqu esiphakamayo (isikrufu kunye nejoko elingaphandle)– Isiqu siyanyuka sibuye sehle xa sisebenza, nto leyo ebonisa ngokubonakalayo indawo yevalvu.

•Isiqu esingavukiyo (isikrufu esingaphakathi)– Isiqu siyajikeleza ngaphandle kokunyakaza kwe-axial; isiqu se-nut siya phezulu/ezantsi. Ifanelekile ukusetyenziswa ngobude obulinganiselweyo bokufakelwa.

3.3 Ngendlela yoBuchule

Ezenziwe ngesandla, zombane, zepneumatic, zehydraulic, njl.

3.4 Ngohlobo loQhagamshelo

I-Flanged, i-butt welding, uhlobo lwe-wafer, njl.njl.

4. Umahluko Phakathi kweeValve zeSango leWedge kunye neeValve zeSango eliParallel

Iivalvu zesango zahlulwe ngokusisiseko zibe ziintlobo ze-wedge kunye ne-parallel ngokusekelwe kwi-geometry yesango. Umahluko wazo ophambili zezi:

Isikhokelo sokukhetha: Khetha iivalvu zesango le-wedge xa ​​kufuneka ukuthembeka okuphezulu kunye nokuvalwa kwecala eliya kwicala ...

5. Imigangatho yoYilo esebenzayo kwiivalvu zeSango leWedge

Uyilo, ukwenziwa kunye nokuvavanywa kweevalvu zesango le-wedge kufuneka kuhambelane noluhlu lwemigangatho yobugcisa engqongqo. Le migangatho iqinisekisa umgangatho, ukutshintshiselana kunye nokhuseleko. Imigangatho ephambili yasekhaya neyehlabathi ishwankathelwe apha ngezantsi ukuze ibhekiswe kubasebenzi bobunjineli kunye nabathengi ngexesha lokukhetha nokwamkela.

5.1 Imigangatho yeSizwe saseTshayina (GB) kunye neShishini (JB)

Kwimarike yasekhaya,Iivalvu zeSango leWedgebadla ngokulandela le migangatho:

Ngaphambili, i-JB/T 1739‑1992 (“Izinto zesakhiwo seevalvu – Isithuba sesihlalo kunye nobukhulu be-angle ye-wedge yeevalvu zesango le-wedge”) yayijongana ngqo nee-angle ze-wedge, kodwa yarhoxiswa ngo-2005. Namhlanje, ukhetho lwe-wedge angle lusekelwe kwiindlela zoyilo zomenzi ngamnye kunye neemeko zenkonzo yokwenyani.

5.2 Imigangatho yaMazwe ngaMazwe (i-API, i-ASME, i-AWWA, njl.njl.)

Kwiiprojekthi zokuthumela ngaphandle okanye uyilo olusemgangathweni lwaseMelika, le migangatho ilandelayo iyamkelwa ngokubanzi:

5.3 Imigangatho Ezinikeleyo Yeevalvu Zesango Le-Wedge Ezinzileyo (Ishishini Lamanzi)

Ngokuphathelele ukunikezelwa kwamanzi kunye nokutsalwa kwamanzi, i-American Water Works Association (AWWA) iphuhlise uthotho oluzinikeleyo:

•I-ANSI/AWWA C509– Umgangatho weevalvu zesango ezihlala ziqinile (3 in. nangaphezulu, ukuya kuthi ga kwi-250 psig). Icacisa iimfuno zengubo ezinzileyo (ukunamathela ngokwe-ASTM D429), izitywino zesiqu, ukuvalwa okuqinileyo kwebhamuza, njl.njl.

•I-ANSI/AWWA C515– Umgangatho weevalvu zesango le-wedge eziqinileyo ze-ductile-iron resilient wedge gate (ezinobukhulu obuqinileyo bodonga kunye neemfuno zezinto eziphathekayo).

•I-AWWA C111/A21.11– Umgangatho weejoyinti zerabha ezineegasket (zoomatshini kunye nezotyhalelayo), osebenza kwiikhonkco zoomatshini.

5.4 Eminye iMigangatho efanelekileyo

5.5 Amanqaku aPhambili oKuthenga noKwamkelwa

Xa bekhetha kwaye besamkela iivalvu zesango le-wedge, abasebenzi bokuthenga kufuneka baqinisekise ezi nkalo zilandelayo zokuthobela umthetho:

1.Isiqinisekiso esisemgangathweni soyilo– Qinisekisa ukuba ivalvu yenzelwe uhlobo oluchanekileyo olusemgangathweni (umz., GB/T 12234, API 600 okanye AWWA C509) ukuze isetyenziselwe inkonzo ecetywayo.

2.Ubukhulu bobuso ngobuso– Qinisekisa ukuba ubude bevalvu buyahambelana ne-GB/T 12221 okanye i-ASME B16.10 ukuqinisekisa ukuba indawo iyatshintshana.

3.Ukuhambelana kweFlange– Qinisekisa ukuba umgangatho weflange (JB/T 79, GB/T 9113, ASME B16.5, njl.njl.) uhambelana nenkqubo yepayipi.

4.Uhlolo lwengxelo yovavanyo– Cela iingxelo zovavanyo lwasefektri ngokuhambelana ne-JB/T 9092 okanye i-API 598, kuquka amandla eqokobhe, isihlalo sangasemva, kunye neziphumo zovavanyo lokuvuza kwesihlalo.

5.Izatifikethi zezinto eziphathekayo– Kwiivalvu zesango le-wedge eziqinileyo, fumana isatifikethi sezinto zokugquma ze-EPDM kunye neengxelo zovavanyo lokunamathela.

6.Ukuhlolwa kophawu– Qinisekisa ukuba uphawu lomzimba wevalvu luyahlangabezana neemfuno ze-GB/T 12220 (umenzi, ubungakanani, izinto, udidi loxinzelelo, njl.njl.).

6. Iyintoni i-Wedge Angle yeValve yeSango leWedge?

I-angle ye-wedge yenye yezona parameter zibalulekileyo zoyilo lweevalvu zesango le-wedge, ezichaphazela ngokuthe ngqo ukuthembeka kokutywina, i-torque yokusebenza kunye nokuguquguquka kobushushu.

6.1 Amaxabiso e-Engile yeWedge eQhelekileyo

I-engile ephakathi kobuso bokuvala kunye nomgca ophakathi othe nkqo (oko kukuthi, i-engile ye-wedge) idla ngokukhethwa kwezi xabiso zilandelayo:

•2°52′
•3°30′
•5° (eyona ixhaphakileyo)
•8°
•10°

Phakathi kwezi, i-5° yeyona isetyenziswa kakhulu. Ivalvu yesango elihambelanayo ingathathwa njengetyala elikhethekileyo eline-engile ye-0° wedge.

6.2 Izinto Ezichaphazela Ukukhethwa Kwee-Angle Ze-Wedge

I-engile ye-wedge ixhomekeke kakhulu kubushushu bokusebenza be-medium:

•Okukhona ubushushu buphezulu, kokukhona i-engile ifanele ibe nkulu – oku kunciphisa umngcipheko wokubhityana kobushushu (ukubopha) ngenxa yokwanda kobushushu besango.

•Kwimidiya yobushushu obuphantsi, i-engile encinci efana ne-2°52′ idla ngokukhethwa.

•Kwiinkonzo zobushushu obuphezulu, ii-engile ezinkulu (5°, 8° okanye 10°) ziyathandwa.

6.3 Imigaqo yoYilo lwe-Wedge Angle

I-engile ye-wedge ayixhomekekanga kwi-intanethi. Imilo ye-wedge yenzelwe ukuvelisa uxinzelelo olongezelelweyo lokutywina ngoomatshini xa ivalvu ivala. I-engile encinci ivelisa amandla amakhulu okutywina e-radial kuhambo olufanayo lwe-axial, nto leyo enika ukuvalwa okuthembekileyo ngakumbi, kodwa ifuna ukuchaneka okuphezulu koomatshini kwaye ithambekele ekutshiseni okushushu. I-engile enkulu, ngokuchaseneyo, ivumela ukusebenza okuthambileyo kunye nomngcipheko omncinci wokubopha, kodwa ifuna i-stroke ende yokuvala ukuze iphuhlise amandla afanayo okutywina.

Njengoko bekutshiwo ngaphambili, umgangatho okhethekileyo we-JB/T 1739‑1992 warhoxiswa ngo-2005. Okwangoku, ukukhethwa kwe-wedge angle kusekelwe kwimithetho yoyilo yomenzi ngamnye kunye neemeko ezithile zenkonzo.

7. Amanqaku ongezelelweyo oMdla kwiingcali zobuNjineli kunye nokuThenga

7.1 Iiparameter eziqhelekileyo zobuGcisa kwiiValve zeSango leWedge eziQinisekileyo

•Uvavanyo loxinzelelo: Amaxabiso aqhelekileyo yi-PN16 (16 bar), 200 psi (13.8 bar) CWP, 300 psi (20.7 bar), njl.

•Uluhlu lobushushuIintlobo ezihlala ngerabha zihlala zilinganiselwe kwi -10°C ukuya kwi +130°C; iintlobo ezihlala ngerabha zinokumelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu.

•Uluhlu lobungakanani: DN50 ukuya kwi-DN1000+.

•Izinto zomzimba: Isinyithi esixonxiweyo, isinyithi esithambileyo, njl.

•Izinto zokutywina: Irabha ye-EPDM (umgangatho wamanzi okusela).

7.2 Iingenelo eziphambili zeeValve zeSango leWedge eziQinisekayo

•I-zero yecala eli-2Ukuvala ukuvuza – i-wedge yerabha ehlala iqinile inika ukutywinwa okuqinileyo kwamaqamza.

•I-torque yokusebenza ephantsi– ukungqubana kwerabha nxamnye nesinyithi kuphantsi kakhulu kunentsimbi ukuya kwisinyithi.

•Akukho kunamathela– i-wedge ehlala iqinile inokukhubazeka kancinci, ukuze ingaxinani kwizihlalo njenge-wedge eqinileyo.

•Ubomi benkonzo ende– izinto ezihlala ixesha elide zinciphisa ukuguguleka kobuso obuvalayo.

7.3 Iingcebiso zoThengo

1. Thelekisa iimeko zenkonzo– Khetha i-engile ye-wedge efanelekileyo ngokusekelwe kubushushu obuphakathi; kwizicelo zobushushu obuphezulu, cinga ngoyilo lwe-wedge eguquguqukayo okanye i-parallel gate.

2. Ukuthobela imithetho eqhelekileyo– Qinisekisa ukuba imveliso iyahlangabezana nemigangatho efanelekileyo efana ne-EN 1074, BS 5163, AWWA C550, njl.

3. Ukukhusela ukugqwala– Jonga ulwelo lwangaphakathi nolwangaphandle (umz., umgubo we-epoxy odityanisiweyo – FBE).

4. Uhlobo lokuqalisa– Khetha i-actuator ephakamayo/engavukiyo, esebenzisa isandla/yombane/yomoya ngokweemfuno zendawo.

Iivalvu zeSango leWedgeziphakathi kweevalvu zokwahlukanisa ezisetyenziswa kakhulu kwiinkqubo zemibhobho. Ukukhethwa kwazo kubandakanya izinto ezininzi zobugcisa, kubandakanya uyilo lokutywina, ukukhetha i-wedge angle, ukuhambelana kwezinto kunye nokuhambelana nomgangatho. Siyathemba ukuba eli nqaku liza kunika isalathiso esibalulekileyo kwiingcali zobunjineli kunye nokuthengwa kwempahla ekukhetheni iiprojekthi kunye nezigqibo zokuthenga.