Yintoni iValve yeSango leKnife

Kwiinkqubo zolawulo lolwelo lwemizi-mveliso, iivalvu zizinto eziphambili ezilawula ukuhamba kwemidiya kwaye ziqinisekisa uzinzo lwemibhobho. Njengohlobo oluphambili lweevalvu zesango ezikhethekileyo,Ivalvu yeSango leMeseYenzelwe ngokukodwa izixhobo ezinzima ezifana ne-slurry, izinto eziqinileyo, kunye nolwelo olune-fibrous. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kukhuseleko lokusingqongileyo, ukumbiwa kwemigodi, iikhemikhali, ukuveliswa kwamandla, kunye neminye imboni. Iingcali ezininzi zihlala zibhidanisa iivalvu zesango lemela kunye neevalvu zesango ze-wedge eziqhelekileyo, kodwa zahlukile kakhulu kwisakhiwo, ukusebenza, kunye nokusetyenziswa. Eli nqaku libonelela ngesishwankathelo esipheleleyo sokuba yintoni ivalvu yesango lemela, izinto zayo eziphambili, ulwahlulo, iingenelo kunye neengxaki, iimeko zokusebenza ezifanelekileyo, kunye nokwahlula okucacileyo kwiivalvu zesango eziqhelekileyo—ukukunceda wenze izigqibo ezinolwazi kwiiprojekthi zakho.

1. Yintoni iValve yeSango leMese?

Ivalvu yesango lemela—ekwaziwa ngokuba yi-knife gate, i-knife valve, okanye i-slurry gate valve—yivalvu evala ngokuthe nkqo, esetyenziswa ngesandla, ngomoya, okanye ngombane. Luhlobo oluthile lweevalvu zesango. Umgaqo wayo wokusebenza ulula: isango elimile okwemela lihamba ngokuthe nkqo, lithe nkqo kwicala lokuhamba. Umphetho obukhali ojikelezileyo ezantsi kwesango unqumla imicu, ii-flocs, amaqhuma aqinileyo, kunye nemidiya exineneyo ngaphakathi kwipayipi, ifikelela kwindawo evulekileyo okanye evaliweyo ngokupheleleyo.

Xa kuthelekiswa neevalvu zesiqhelo, uphawu olwahlukileyo lwevalvu yesango lemela luyilo lwayo lwesango olucekethekileyo, olufana nemela. Umzimba wevalvu unendlela yokuhamba ethe ngqo, engenazithintelo. Xa ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo, isango lirhoxa ngokupheleleyo kwindlela yokuhamba, nto leyo eyenza ukuba kungabikho ukumelana nokuhamba kwamanzi. Olu yilo lusombulula iingxaki eziqhelekileyo ezifumaneka kwiivalvu eziqhelekileyo xa ziphathwa ngezinto ezingcolileyo nezigcwele amasuntswana—ezifana nokuvaleka, ukuvalwa kakubi, kunye nokunamathela. Kwiimeko ezinzima, ivalvu yesango lemela sisisombululo esisetyenziswa kakhulu xa kuvalwa izinto.

2. Izinto eziphambili kunye nemisebenzi

Ivalvu yesango lemela inesakhiwo esincinci nesidityaniswe kakuhle. Icandelo ngalinye lidlala indima ecacileyo ekuqinisekiseni ukusebenza kokutywina, uzinzo lokusebenza, kunye nobomi benkonzo.

2.1 Umzimba weValve

Isakhiwo esiphambili esithwala umthwalo, esidla ngokubunjwa okanye senziwe ngezinto ezifana nentsimbi ephosiweyo, intsimbi yekhabhoni, okanye intsimbi engatyiwayo. Umjelo wangaphakathi othe tye awunazo iindawo ezifihlakeleyo okanye amabala afileyo, othintela ukwakheka nokunamathela kwenkunkuma. Umzimba umelana noxinzelelo lwemidiya, uqhagamshela kwiipayipi, kwaye uxhasa isango kunye nezitywini.

2.2 Isango leMese

Le yeyona nxalenye ibalaseleyo yevalvu yesango lemela—uphawu oluyenza yahluke kuzo zonke iivalvu zesango eziqhelekileyo. Isango lincinci kodwa liqinile, linomphetho obukhali ojikelezileyo. Umphezulu walo ukhazimlisiwe kwaye uqinile ukuze ungagugi kwaye ungakrweli. Ngexesha lokuvulwa nokuvalwa, iblade inqumla i-pulp, i-slag, i-slag, imicu, kunye nokunye ukungcola, ithintela ukugoba okanye ukuqokelelana, iqinisekisa ukuvalwa ngokuqinileyo nokusebenza kakuhle.

2.3 Izixhobo zokutywina

Ibandakanya izitywino zezihlalo kunye nezitywino zokupakisha, ezahlulwe zibe ziintlobo ezithambileyo nezitywiniweyo zesinyithi. Izitywino ezithambileyo zisebenzisa irabha okanye i-polyurethane ukuze ziqine kakuhle kwaye zingavuzi, zilungele ukucoca okuphantsi kobushushu, okuphantsi koxinzelelo okanye okumdaka. Izitywino zesinyithi zisebenzisa intsimbi engagqwaliyo okanye ii-alloys zobushushu obuphezulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye nokumelana nokukrala okuphezulu. Izitywino zokupakisha ezijikeleze isiqu zithintela ukuvuza kwangaphandle.

2.4 Isiqu

Yenziwe ngentsimbi engagqwali enamandla kakhulu enamandla okutsalwa, ukumelana nokugqwala, kunye neempawu zokulwa nokugoba. Isiphelo esingaphezulu siqhagamshelwa kwi-actuator, kwaye isiphelo esisezantsi siqhagamshelwa kwisango. Ithumela amandla okuqhuba ngesandla, ngomoya, okanye ngombane esangweni ukuze kulawulwe ngokuchanekileyo ukuphakamisa.

2.5 Isixhobo sokulungisa

Umthombo wamandla. Iintlobo eziqhelekileyo: ngesandla (elula, engabizi kakhulu, kwiidayamitha ezincinci kunye nokusebenza okungaxhaphakanga), umoya (ukuvula/ukuvala ngokukhawuleza, okumelana nokuqhuma, ofanelekileyo kwiindawo ezineekhemikhali kunye nothuli), umbane (ulawulo olukude oluzenzekelayo kwiipayipi ezinkulu kunye nokusebenza rhoqo), kunye ne-hydraulic (amandla aphezulu kwiidayamitha ezinkulu kunye neemeko ezinzima).

2.6 I-Gland kunye neBracket

I-gland icinezela isitywina sokupakisha ukuthintela ukuvuza. I-bracket ikhusela i-actuator kunye ne-stem, iqinisekisa intshukumo ethe nkqo ngaphandle kokujika okanye ukunamathela, iphucula uzinzo lokusebenza.

3. Uhlu oluneenkcukacha lweeValve zeSango leKnife

Iivalvu zesango lemela ziza ngeentlobo ezininzi, ikakhulu zahlulwe ngokwendlela yoyilo lokutywina, indlela yokuqalisa, kunye nendlela yokwakha.

3.1 Ngohlobo lokutywina

I-Soft-Seal Knife Gate Valve: Isebenzisa irabha, i-polyurethane, okanye i-PTFE ukuze ihambelane kakhulu kwaye ingavuzi. Uvavanyo loxinzelelo ≤PN16, imida yobushushu ephakathi. Ilungele ukusetyenziswa kobushushu obuphantsi, uxinzelelo oluphantsi olufana nelindle, udaka, kunye ne-slurry erhabaxa enezinto eziqinileyo. Ixabiso layo liphantsi kwaye isetyenziswa kakhulu.

I-Metal-Seat Knife Gate Valve: Isango kunye nesihlalo ziintsimbi ze-alloy ezidityaniswe ngokuchanekileyo. Zimelana namaqondo obushushu aphezulu (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-400°C+), uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye nokukrweleka okukhulu. Ukutywina akuqini kangako kunezitywini ezithambileyo. Ilungele ukutyibilika okushushu, umgubo wamalahle, kunye namanzi othuthu ashushu kakhulu kwiimeko ezinzima.

I-Polyurethane Lined Knife Gate Valve:Umjelo wokuhamba kwevalvu yesango lemela ugqunywe ngezinto zepolyurethane, ezikwaziyo ukumelana nokuguguleka kunezivalo zesango lemela eziqhelekileyo kwaye zilungele kakhulu izinto ezifana nodaka kunye ne-cinder.

3.2 Ngokohlobo lwe-Actuation

Incwadi yesandla,umoya, iinguqulelo zombane, ze-hydraulic, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha ezisebenzisa iigiya, kuxhomekeke kwisantya sokusebenza, ubungakanani bevalvu, kunye neemfuno zokwenza izinto ngokuzenzekelayo.

3.3 Ngokwesitayile soKwakha

I-Wafer-Type Knife Gate Valve: Incinci, ilula, kulula ukuyifaka. Ixinene phakathi kweeflange, igcina indawo. Ifanelekile kwiipayipi ezincinci ukuya kweziphakathi.

I-Valve yeSango leMenzi yohlobo lweLug (eFlanged): Iziphelo ezijijekileyo zibotshelelwe kwipayipi. Isakhiwo esomeleleyo, sinamandla aphezulu oxinzelelo, asikwazi ukungcangcazela. Ifanelekile kwiidayamitha ezinkulu, uxinzelelo oluphezulu, kunye nemigca enzima yemizi-mveliso.

Isiqu Esinyukayo vs. Isiqu Esingavukiyo: Isiqu esinyukayo sivumela isibonakaliso sendawo ebonakalayo kwaye simelana nokuqokelelwa kwenkunkuma; isiqu esinganyukiyo sincinci ngakumbi kwiindawo ezixineneyo zokufakelwa.

4. Izinto eziluncedo nezingalunganga

4.1 Iingenelo eziphambili

Ukulungelelaniswa kweendaba okuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuxinana: I-blade yokusika iphatha ngokulula imicu, ii-flocs, izinto eziqinileyo, kunye ne-slurries ezixineneyo—isombulula iingxaki zokuxinana kunye nokungatywini kakuhle kweevalvu eziqhelekileyo.

Ukumelana nokuhamba kwamanzi okuphantsi, ukonga umbane: Ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo, isango lirhoxa ngokupheleleyo, lishiya indlela ethe ngqo engenakumelana phantse nakancinci kwaye akukho xinzelelo lwehlayo. Ifanelekile kwiipayipi ezihamba amanzi amaninzi.

Isakhiwo esilula, ukugcinwa lula: Ilula, zimbalwa izinto, ziyakhawuleza ukuqhekeka, izinga lokusilela liphantsi, zinciphisa iindleko zokusebenza.

Ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza, uluhlu olubanzi lwezicelo: Ukubetheka okufutshane, impendulo ekhawulezileyo. Ngezixhobo ezahlukeneyo kunye nee-actuators, ifanele iimeko eziqhelekileyo, zobushushu obuphezulu, zoxinzelelo oluphantsi, zoxinzelelo oluphakathi, ezirhabaxa, kunye nezomileyo.

Isebenza kakuhle emalini: Ngobungakanani obufanayo kunye novavanyo loxinzelelo, iivalvu zesango lemela zibiza kancinci kakhulu kuneevalvu zesango okanye zeglobe eziqhelekileyo, nto leyo eyenza ukuba zisebenziseke kwimigca emikhulu yemizi-mveliso.

4.2 Iingxaki

Akukho mgaqo wokuhamba kwamanzi: Ivalvu isebenza kuphela ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo okanye ivaliwe ngokupheleleyo. Ayikwazi ukuguqula ukuhamba okanye uxinzelelo.

Imida yokutywina kwimidiya ecocekileyo enoxinzelelo oluphezulu: Xa kuthelekiswa neevalvu zesango elichanekileyo, ukuchaneka kokutywina kuphantsi kwiinkonzo ezicocekileyo nezinoxinzelelo oluphezulu. Akukhuthazwa ukusetyenziswa kolwelo olucocekileyo oluchanekileyo nolunoxinzelelo oluphezulu.

Ukunxiba ngenxa yokukhwela ibhayisekile rhoqo: I-blade esika izinto eziqinileyo idla ngokuwohloka kancinci kancinci. Emva kokusetyenziswa kakhulu ixesha elide, izitywini okanye isango zinokufuna ukutshintshwa okanye ukulungiswa.

5. Izicelo eziqhelekileyo kunye namashishini

Iivalvu zesango lemela zisebenza kakuhle kwimisebenzi yokuvala kwiindawo eziqinileyo, ezinemicu, ezixineneyo, nezingcolileyo. Kuphephe ukuzisebenzisa kulwelo olucocekileyo okanye ulawulo oluchanekileyo. Izinto eziphambili ziquka:

5.1 Unyango lwaManzi amdaka (Olona luQhelekileyo)

Ilungele ukungcola kwamanzi kamasipala, ukungcola kwemizi-mveliso, udaka, kunye nemida yodaka lwebhayoloji. Inqumla ngokufanelekileyo iiflocs kunye nezinto eziqinileyo, ithintela ukuvaleka. Isetyenziswa kakhulu kwimibhobho yokususa udaka, yokungena, kunye neyokukhupha udaka.

5.2 Ukwembiwa kweMigodi kunye neNsimbi

Isetyenziselwa ukugutyungelwa kwesinyithi, iintsalela, uthuthu lwesinyithi, umgubo wamalahle, kunye nokugutyungelwa kwesinyithi. Iinguqulelo ezifakwe kwisinyithi ziyamelana nokugutyungelwa okuphezulu kunye noxinzelelo oluphezulu lwezinto eziqinileyo, ezifanelekileyo kwiimeko zokwemba ezinzima.

5.3 Intlama kunye nePhepha, Ilaphu

Iphatha ngokukodwa i-pulp yephepha kunye ne-textile fiber slurry. I-blade inqumla iifayibha, isombulula iingxaki zokusonga kunye nokutywinwa kakubi kwee-valve eziqhelekileyo. I-valve ekhethekileyo yale mizi-mveliso.

5.4 Ukuveliswa kweekhemikhali kunye namandla

Iikhemikhali: iikhemikhali ezixineneyo kunye neendaba ze-slurry ezirhabaxa kancinci. Amandla: amanzi othuthu, ukuthuthwa komgubo wamalahle, kunye nemigca ye-slurry ye-FGD (flue gas desulfurization). Ubushushu obuphezulu kunye nokumelana nokuguguleka kuqinisekisa ukusebenza okuthembekileyo.

5.5 Izixhobo zokwakha nokutya

I-samente slurry, i-lime slurry, kunye nezinye izinto zokwakha slurry; kunye ne-slurry yokutya ekrakra kunye nothutho lwamaqhekeza. Iinguqulelo zezinto ezicocekileyo ziyahlangabezana neemfuno zoshishino lokutya.

Ayifanelekanga: Amanzi acocekileyo, igesi, ioyile, okanye ezinye izinto ezingenamasuntswana ezifuna ukuvalwa ngokuchanekileyo; ukusetyenziswa koxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu okanye ubushushu obuphezulu kakhulu; nawuphi na umgca ofuna ukuhamba rhoqo okanye ulawulo loxinzelelo.

6. Umahluko oPhambili phakathi kweValve yeSango leKnife kunye neValve yeSango leWedge eliqhelekileyo

Nangona zombini zingamalungu osapho lweevalvu zesango kwaye zisebenzisa uyilo lwesango lokuphakamisa, ulwakhiwo lwazo, ukusebenza kwazo, kunye nokusetyenziswa kwazo kwahluka kakhulu.

7. Isiphelo

Ngamafutshane, ivalvu yesango lemela yivalvu ekhethekileyo yokuvala eyenzelwe izixhobo ezinzima, ezimdaka, nezirhabaxa. Isenzo sayo sokusika esifana nemela yeyona nzuzo iphambili, ukusombulula iingxaki zokuvaleka kunye nokungaphumeleli ezichaphazela iivalvu zesango eziqhelekileyo xa kusingathwa izinto ezimdaka, izinto eziqinileyo, kunye nezinto ezinemicu. Ivalvu yesango lemela inesakhiwo esilula, ukusebenza ngokukhawuleza, kunye nokuzivumelanisa nokuguquguquka okubanzi. Nangona ingenakulawula ukuhamba kwaye ukutywinwa kwayo ngokuchanekileyo kwizixhobo ezicocekileyo kunqongophele, ayithatyathelwa indawo kunyango lwamanzi amdaka, emigodini, kwi-pulp nakwiphepha, kwiikhemikhali, nakwamanye amashishini apho izixhobo zinezixhobo eziqinileyo, kwimicu, okanye kwizinto ezixineneyo.

Ukukhetha izinto ezenzeka ngokwenene: khetha iivalvu zesango le-wedge eziqhelekileyo ukuze zisetyenziswe ngokuchanekileyo kwimidiya ecocekileyo. Kwidaka, udaka, amasuntswana, imicu, kunye nezinye iimeko ezinzima nezinokuxinana, kufuneka ukhethe ivalvu yesango lemela ukuqinisekisa ukusebenza kombhobho ixesha elide nokuthembekileyo.